The vanilloid receptor-1 is expressed in rat spinal dorsal horn astrocytes

TRPV1 Gates Tissue Access and Sustains Pathogenicity in Autoimmune Encephalitis

“…MRI detected CNS edema sensitively but almost equally during EAE in B6 and in protected TRPV1 -/-mice, identifying a shared inflammatory element that is, however, self-limiting and without progressive tissue damage in the absence of TRPV1 ( Figure 6F). We demonstrate TRPV1 expression within astrocytes isolated from the brains of B6 mice and within the astrocyte cell line C8-D1A (Supplementary Figure 4A), similar to previous reports (18,20). This PANEM cell type plays a fundamental role in BSCB and BBB permeability, and further investigation into astrocyte functions mediated by TRPV1 is warranted.…”

“…TRPV1 also is expressed within CNS regions, including the spinal cord dorsal horn and areas of the brain (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). TRPV1 function in these locations remains a topic of debate.…”

“…TRPV1 function in these locations remains a topic of debate. Broad expression patterns have fostered the view that central TRPV1 plays a role in pain processing and thermoregulation, and independent studies have suggested that PANEM cells may all express TRPV1, characterizing the BBB as a TRPV1-rich microenvironment (18,20,22). Activation of TRPV1 by application of the agonist capsaicin directly to the brain disrupts BBB integrity (23), and peripheral TRPV1 stimulation also opens the BBB and blood spinal cord barriers (BSCB) (24), supporting recent evidence that TRPV1 may modify cytokine signaling during CNS neuroinflammation and implying a disease-modifying role (25).…”

Cell-type specific expression of vanilloid receptor 1 in the taste cells of rat circumvallate papillae

“…However, the recent discovery of the VR1 in both human and rat brains, where it is unlikely to be gated by noxious stimuli, has suggested additional functional roles for this cation channel in physiological processes (Mezey et al 2000). Little is known about functional roles of the VR1 in glial cells even though the VR1 was reported to be expressed in glial cells, such as microglia in the substantia nigra (Kim et al 2006), astrocytes around blood vessels in the brain (Tóth et al 2005), some spinal astrocytes (Doly et al 2004), and Mü ller cells in the retina (Kim et al 2011). In a recent in vitro study, treatment of microglia with VR1 agonists induced cell death of microglia.…”

“…Although the VR1 was found previously in neural cells, recent evidence suggests that functional VR1 is expressed in nonneuronal cells such as the epithelial cells, glial cells, skeletal muscle cells, and submandibular glands (Birder et al 2001;Inoue et al 2002;Doly et al 2004;Tóth et al 2005;Xin et al 2005;Kim et al 2006;Ding et al 2010).…”