The Value of Web-Based Patient Education Materials on Transarterial Chemoembolization: Systematic Review

Abstract

Background Thousands of web searches are performed related to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), given its palliative role in the treatment of liver cancer. Objective This study aims to assess the reliability, quality, completeness, readability, understandability, and actionability of websites that provide information on TACE for patients. Methods The five most popular keywords pertaining to TACE were searched on Google, Yahoo, and Bing. General website characteristics and the presence of Health On the Net Foundation code certification were documented. Website assessment was performed using the following scores: DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease Score, and the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool. A novel TACE content score was generated to evaluate website completeness. Results The search yielded 3750 websites. In total, 81 website entities belonging to 78 website domains met the inclusion criteria. A medical disclaimer was not provided on 28% (22/78) of website domains. Health On the Net code certification was present on 12% (9/78) of website domains. Authorship was absent on 88% (71/81) of websites, and sources were absent on 83% (67/81) of websites. The date of publication or of the last update was not listed on 58% (47/81) of websites. The median DISCERN score was 47.0 (IQR 40.5-54.0). The median TACE content score was 35 (IQR 27-43). The median readability grade level was in the 11th grade. Overall, 61% (49/81) and 16% (13/81) of websites were deemed understandable and actionable, respectively. Not-for-profit websites fared significantly better on the Journal of the American Medical Association, DISCERN, and TACE content scores. Conclusions The content referring to TACE that is currently available on the web is unreliable, incomplete, difficult to read, understandable but not actionable, and characterized by low overall quality. Websites need to revise their content to optimally educate consumers and support shared decision-making. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020202747; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020202747

Assessment of freely available online videos of cardiac electrophysiological procedures from a shared decision-making perspective

“…Relationship to previous studies -Our study methodology on analysis of information contained in online videos is similar in initially establishing search criteria, using multiple reviewers and a validated tool (PEMAT). 23,24 Several studies have found information content in online videos for various medical conditions to lack reliability, not of high quality, to be at a higher reading level than recommended and not meet the needs of patients. 25,26,27,28,29 In contrast, we assessed content from a perspective of shared decision making (SDM) and identify areas to target for improving quality of online videos.…”

Patient education information material assessment criteria: A scoping review

“…Moh Thesis 0 0 0 0 (Alnafea et al, 2017;Azer et al, 2018;Brütting et al, 2018;Fowler et al, 2017;Guan et al, 2018;Kasabwala et al, 2013;Santos et al, 2018;Unaka et al, 2017;Wallace & Lennon, 2004;Wallace et al, 2006;Wiriyakijja et al, 2016;Wong & Levi, 2017a, 2017bRai et al, 2021;Shamil et al, 2021;Sideris et al, 2021;Szabo et al, 2021;Ó Doinn et al, 2022;Treffalls et al, 2022).…”

“…This criterion is evaluated using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) (Lipari et al, 2019). This criterion was examined in fourteen studies (Abdul Rahman et al, 2020;Alwani et al, 2021;Bui et al, 2018;Gillum, 2017;Guitton, 2015;Gulbrandsen et al, 2022;Harris et al, 2018;Lamb et al, 2022;Lipari et al, 2019;Magrath et al, 2022;McClure et al, 2016;Miles et al, 2021;Sideris et al, 2021;Vishnevetsky et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2022). 9 Complexity Three criteria are used to determine the complexity of materials: structure, density, and dependency.…”

“…K. Patel et al, 2015;Vishnevetsky et al, 2018). This criterion was evaluated in 23 studies (Abdul Rahman et al, 2020;Alshehri & Joury, 2019;Alwani et al, 2021;Arslan et al, 2020;Bacher et al, 2020;Balakrishnan, Chandy, Hseih, et al, 2016;Bui et al, 2018;Edmunds et al, 2014;Georgsson & Carlsson, 2022;Gillum, 2017;Guitton, 2015;Gulbrandsen et al, 2022;Harris et al, 2018;Hughes et al, 2019;Lake et al, 2007;Lamb et al, 2022;Lipari et al, 2019;Mac et al, 2020;Magrath et al, 2022;Mani et al, 2021;McClure et al, 2016;Miles et al, 2021;O'Sullivan et al, 2020;Sideris et al, 2021;Townsend, 2011;Unaka et al, 2017;van Ballegooie & Hoang, 2021;Vishnevetsky et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2022).…”

“…(Continues) Bui et al, 2018;Gillum, 2017;Guitton, 2015;Gulbrandsen et al, 2022;Harris et al, 2018;Lamb et al, 2022;Lipari et al, 2019;Magrath et al, 2022;McClure et al, 2016;Miles et al, 2021;Sideris et al, 2021;Vishnevetsky et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2022).…”