The value of three‐dimensional transrectal ultrasonography in staging prostate cancer

Abstract

RESULTSPathological staging of specimens showed extracapsular extension in 69 patients, of whom 53 had pathological capsular perforation and 16 had seminal vesicle invasion. 3D-TRUS identified 58 patients with sites of extracapsular extension with 84% sensitivity, 96% specificity, 94% positive predictive value, 91% negative predictive value and an overall accuracy of 92%. Of the 16 patients with seminal vesicle invasion 14 were identified correctly on 3D-TRUS. Overall the 3D-TRUS staging sensitivity was 84%, specificity 96%, positive predictive value 93%, negative predictive value 91% and accuracy 91%. CONCLUSIONS3D-TRUS seems to be an accurate technique for staging localized prostate cancer. If 3D-TRUS indicates locally advanced disease, the probability of capsular perforation or seminal vesicle invasion is very high.

Elasticity as a biomarker for prostate cancer: a systematic review

“…A small early study investigating the use of 3D US compared its use to traditional grey‐scale US and found there was an improved tumour detection rate with the 3D US. The advantage of 3D US seems to be in the detection of seminal vesicle invasion and in identifying extracapsular extension (ECE) in biopsy confirmed cancers with a quoted 84% sensitivity and 96% specificity . Its use in the detection of localised prostate cancer does not, in the literature, appear to be any better than traditional grey‐scale US.…”

Current status of transrectal ultrasound techniques in prostate cancer

“…In 2007 a comparison between 3D ultrasound prostate cancer staging and radical prostatectomy outcome was performed in 180 patients [8]. In 2007 a comparison between 3D ultrasound prostate cancer staging and radical prostatectomy outcome was performed in 180 patients [8].…”

Ultrasound of the prostate

“…Staging sensitivities in studies using grey-scale TRUS varied between 30% and 50% with specificities between 77% and 96% [ 11 ] . Three-dimensional TRUS aided in the assessment of extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion [ 12 ] .…”