The value of the preschool examination in screening for health problems

Welch, Nancy; Saulsbury, Frank T.; Kesler, Richard W.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(82)80640-9

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Welch et al (70) reported that paramedical personnel after specific training were significantly more effective in screening children for vision problems than pediatricians who had no specific training. The authors concluded that vision screening should be undertaken by either specialists (e.g., ophthalmologists, optometrists, or at least by paramedical personnel after specific training).…”

Section: The Ability Of Nonspecialists To Perform Screening For Ophthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Overview of Ophthalmic Disorders in Deaf Children: A Literature Update

Nikolopoulos¹,

Lioumi²,

Stamataki³

et al. 2006

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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The main conclusions of this project are: a) the overall quality of evidence in the literature concerning deaf children and their ophthalmic problems is very low, b) the prevalence of ophthalmic problems in deaf children is very high (approximately 40% to 60%) and these problems may remain undetected for years although they may have a serious impact on children's acquisition of communication skills, c) screening for ophthalmic problems in deaf children should be encouraged and specialist ophthalmic examination should be carried out as soon as the diagnosis of deafness is confirmed irrespective of age, and may need to be repeated at intervals following diagnosis, d) families should be informed about the nature of the screening process in discussion with the relevant professionals and appropriate information should be available in a range of formats and in different community languages, e) professionals administering the tests should be familiar with the needs of deaf children with ophthalmic problems and should be sensitive to the communication needs of the child, especially undertaking behavioural testing where their collaboration is needed, f) while orthoptists can perform the majority of psychophysical tests (visual and stereo acuity tests, ocular motility tests, etc.) a comprehensive opthalmologic assessment by slit lamp biomicroscopy, streak retinoscopy, direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy, intraocular pressure measurement etc is required. Electrophysiologic testing to help identification of Usher syndrome may also be required, and finally g) serial hearing assessments of children with dual sensory deficits are needed to monitor hearing thresholds, to optimise hearing aid use and to ensure timely referral for cochlear implantation for those who need it.

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Section: The Ability Of Nonspecialists To Perform Screening For Ophthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Overview of Ophthalmic Disorders in Deaf Children: A Literature Update

Nikolopoulos¹,

Lioumi²,

Stamataki³

et al. 2006

Otology &Amp; Neurotology

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“…One cluster RCT conducted in the USA, 88 two before-and-after studies (one in the UK and one in the USA) 80,95 and one UK audit 71 specifically evaluated an intervention relating to the human resources requirements of growth monitoring. Three of these were related to the measurement of height 71,80,88 and one to both weight and height.…”

Section: Human Resource Requirements Of Routine Growth Monitoring Promentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the routine monitoring of growth in children of primary school age to identify growth-related conditions

Fayter¹,

Nixon²,

Hartley³

et al. 2007

Health Technol Assess

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This review has indicated the potential utility and cost-effectiveness of growth monitoring in terms of increased detection of stature-related disorders. It has also pointed strongly to the need for further research. Growth monitoring does not currently meet all NSC criteria. However, it is questionable whether some of these criteria can be meaningfully applied to growth monitoring given that short stature is not a disease in itself, but is used as a marker for a range of pathologies and as an indicator of general health status. Identification of effective interventions for the treatment of obesity is likely to be considered a prerequisite to any move from monitoring to a screening programme designed to identify individual overweight and obese children. Similarly, further long-term studies of the predictors of obesity-related co-morbidities in adulthood are warranted. A cluster randomised trial comparing growth monitoring strategies with no growth monitoring in the general population would most reliably determine the clinical effectiveness of growth monitoring. Studies of diagnostic accuracy, alongside evidence of effective treatment strategies, could provide an alternative approach. In this context, careful consideration would need to be given to target conditions and intervention thresholds. Diagnostic accuracy studies would require long-term follow-up of both short and normal children to determine sensitivity and specificity of growth monitoring.

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“…22 This study considered general health examinations conducted at or around the time of school entry. It compared the ability of physicians with that of trained volunteers (teachers) and public health nurses to detect abnormalities in height, weight, vision, hearing, blood pressure and dental caries.…”

Section: Human Resource Implications Of Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood obesity: should primary school children be routinely screened? A systematic review and discussion of the evidence

Westwood

Fayter

Hartley

et al. 2007

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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The value of the preschool examination in screening for health problems

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Evidence-Based Overview of Ophthalmic Disorders in Deaf Children: A Literature Update

Evidence-Based Overview of Ophthalmic Disorders in Deaf Children: A Literature Update

A systematic review of the routine monitoring of growth in children of primary school age to identify growth-related conditions

Childhood obesity: should primary school children be routinely screened? A systematic review and discussion of the evidence

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