The value of liquid digested sewage sludge. II. Experiments on rye-grass in South-east England, comparing sludge with fertilizers supplying equivalent nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and water

Coker, E. G.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600067629

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Data obtained for herbage-K yields suggest that K in LMDS is as readily absorbed as fertilizer-K, and this confirms the finding of Coker (19666) using LDS and of Carlton-Smith & Coker (1985) using septic tank sludge. Rate S 2 at 140 m 3 LMDS/ha provided on average 36 kg K/ha and 446 kg total-N/ha, equivalent to 174 kg available-N/ha; the ratio of available-N to K is therefore 4-8 to 1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Field investigations into the manurial value of lagoon-matured digested sewage sludge

et al. 1987

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Experiments were carried out during 1978-81 in which lagoon-matured digested sludge (LMDS) was applied in November and in February to four soils which were cropped with ryegrass and the effects compared with ammonium nitrate fertilizer.Over the whole experimental series the nitrogen in spring-applied LMDS was 476% as effective in producing dry matter as nitrogen in ammonium nitrate fertilizer, and was 40-2% as effective in nitrogen uptake. Overall, 203% of the N available from the LMDS was derived from mineralization of sludge organic nitrogen, equivalent to a Ist-year release from the organic-N in sludge of about 9%. This compares with reported values of 15-16% for Ist-year release of organic-N liquid digested sludge. Overall, autumn-applied LMDS sludge gave poorer results than when applied in spring. This did not apply to a silty loam with a pH of about 5, but poorer results with autumn-applied LMDS were associated with soils with pH values of 7-5 or more. On average an application of 140 m 3 LMDS/ha provided 178 kg available-N/ha and 36 kg potassium/ha; this is an N:K ratio of 4-9:1.There were increases of Cd, Cu and Zn in herbage as a result of applications of both fertilizer and of sludge; the effects were additive. Sludge increased herbage Ni concentrations but fertilizer-N reduced them. Three years' applications hardly raised Cu and Zn herbage concentrations to the threshold level for deficiency for ruminant animals, and were not near toxic levels for plant growth or animal nutrition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Field investigations into the manurial value of lagoon-matured digested sewage sludge

et al. 1987

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“…The first, total DM response kg ' apphed N, ranged between 5-4 and 30-i. This range spans the values found by others in trials in which LAS was spring-applied to either ryegrass or ryegrass/clover swards as follows (kg DM kg"' N); 22-3 (Coker, 1966a); U 0-15 2 (Coker, 1966b) and I 0-13 0 (O'Riordan et ai, 1987). However this parameter is likely to vary considerably between experiments as it will be dependent on the location of the site, the properties of the sludge and the rate of sludge application.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Fertilizer N was applied as "Nitro-Chalk' (26%N), P as superphosphate (21% P^O,) and K as muriate of potash (60% K^O). All treatments received K at the rate of 0.5 kg K^O kg^' N applied; for sludge treatments fertilizer fC was adjusted to take account of the K present in the sludge, which was assumed to be 100% available (Coker, 1966a), Fertilizer P was applied to plots receiving fertilizer N at a rate equivalent to half the rate of P applied in sludge, assuming 50% availability of sludge total P (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1978), Daily weather data were obtained from the meteorological station at Cumnock (OS Grid Reference NS 51/563200; altitude 99 m).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The nitrogen value of anaerobically digested sewage sludge applied to grassland during winter

Edgar

Klessa

Frame

et al. 1995

Grass and Forage Science

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The manurial value of liquid anaerobically digested sewage sludge (LAS), surface applied once at four different times during winter to contrasting swards, was assessed over each of three growing seasons by comparison with fertilizer N. Four nominal rates of N (0, 18, 36 and 54 kg ha"') were used hased on Ihe inorganic N content of LAS. Herhage dry matfer (DM) and N upiake responses were measured hy cutting three times per year.Application of LAS in late winter compared with early winter led generally to greater N uptake and DM production. Herhage production rcspon.se from LAS ranged from 54 to 30-1 kg DM kg"' N; within this range, larger responses were obtained froni a sown sward than from permanent pasture. The apparentefficiency of LAS compared with fertilizer N ranged from 0-41 to 0-88 (permanent pasture) and 0-20 to 0-77 (sown sward) but occasionally mean apparent efficiencies of over 1 0 occurred because fertilizer N was poorly recovered. There was no residual effect on annual N uptake from applying sludge. It is concluded LAS is a useful nitrogenous manure when applied to grassland in late winter/early spring but more research is needed to elucidate the importance of pathways of N losses following the surface application of LAS, and to quantify these losses.

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“…. Coker (1966b), andCoker (1966c) observed that 24 to 46 percent of the sludge N was ultilized by barley and clover when 100 kg N/ha as sludge was applied.. Kelling et al (1 977c) reported in their experiments that 50 percent of the applied organic N was mineralized within 3 weeks. Stewart et a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Chickpea and Maize Crops Plants Grown in a Clayey Soil to Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation, Biosolid and Mineral NPK Fertilizers

Omar¹,

Elaziz²,

Ragab³

et al. 2008

Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering

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Two field experiments were conducted during winter season 2006/2007 and summer season 2007 at the Farm of Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate to study the response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and maize (Zea mayes) crops to biosolids with different rates of mineral NPK fertilizers under surface drip and subsurface drip irrigation systems The design of the experiment was split plot with four replicates. Main plots were assigned to irrigation systems while subplots were assigned to biosolids (20 ton/fed.), zero, 50 ,75 and 100 % of the recommended mineral NPK fertilizers (R D).The obtained results revealed that irrigation methods , biosolid , mineral fertilizers and their interactions have high significant effects on the grain yield and yield components of chickpea and maize crops. Surface drip irrigation produced the higher grain yields, 587.63 and 3872.6 kg/fed of chickpea and maize crops, respectively. Application of biosolid compost with 75 % NPK of (R D) resulted in the highest grain yield and yield components of chickpea and maize crops while surface drip gave higher grain N and K contents for the two crops while subsurface drip gave higher grain P content. The combination between biosolid and 100 % NPK of (R D) under surface drip irrigation result in the highest NPK contents 5.13, 0.63 and 10.74 ppm in grains of chickpea, respectively and 2.64, 0.71 and 3.93 ppm in grains of maize, respectively. The combination between biosolid and 100 % NPK of (R D) under surface drip irrigation result in the highest Co, Pb and Ni contents 0.05, 0.06 and 0.19 ppm, respectively in grains of chickpea, respectively and 0.16, 1.52 and 0.45 ppm in grains of maize, respectively.Increasing the application rate of mineral fertilizers from 50 to 100% of (R D) with biosolid compost caused an increase in soil available NPK and available heavy metals under surface and subsurface drip irrigation. Application of biosoild compost increased soil available heavy metals, soil salinity and organic matter under the two irrigation systems. Soil salinity values under subsurface irrigation were higher than those under surface drip irrigation. The amounts of water applied to chickpea and maize under surface drip irrigation (1126.60 and 2088.86 m 3 /fed.), respectively were higher than the amounts applied (1058.36 and 2025.54 m 3 / fed.) , respectively under subsurface irrigation. Application of compost with 75 % NPK of (R D) under subsurface drip irrigation resulted in the highest values of field water use efficiency for chickpea and maize (0.72 and 2.23 kg/m 3 ), respectively. The periodic application of biosolid compost with a rate of 20 ton /fed. could save about 25 % of the mineral NPK fertilizers , maintain soil fertility and productivity level and a best means to recycling farm and human wastes for a clean environment.

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The value of liquid digested sewage sludge. II. Experiments on rye-grass in South-east England, comparing sludge with fertilizers supplying equivalent nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and water

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Field investigations into the manurial value of lagoon-matured digested sewage sludge

Field investigations into the manurial value of lagoon-matured digested sewage sludge

The nitrogen value of anaerobically digested sewage sludge applied to grassland during winter

Response of Chickpea and Maize Crops Plants Grown in a Clayey Soil to Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation, Biosolid and Mineral NPK Fertilizers

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