The value of assessing intent in attempted suicide

Pallis, Dimitrios; Sainsbury, Peter

doi:10.1017/s0033291700015932

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Many studies have assessed the value of measuring suicide intent for screening purposes and for its use in assessing future suicide risk, as the type of suicide intent has been associated with future suicide attempts [44, 45]. Therefore, the measurement of suicide intent may be particularly useful in the assessment of short-term suicide risk [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-national study on gender differences in suicide intent

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSuicide accounts for over 58,000 deaths in Europe per annum, where suicide attempts are estimated to be 20 times higher. Males have been found to have a disproportionately lower rate of suicide attempts and an excessively higher rate of suicides compared to females. The gender difference in suicide intent is postulated to contribute towards this gender imbalance. The aim of this study is to explore gender differences in suicide intent in a cross-national study of suicide attempts. The secondary aims are to investigate the gender differences in suicide attempt across age and country.MethodsData on suicide attempts (acquired from the EU-funded OSPI-Europe project) was obtained from eight regions in Germany, Hungary, Ireland and Portugal. Suicide intent data was categorized into ‘Non-habitual Deliberate Self-Harm’ (DSH), ‘Parasuicidal Pause’ (SP), ‘Parasuicidal Gesture’ (SG), and ‘Serious Suicide Attempt’ (SSA), applying the Feuerlein scale. Gender differences in intent were explored for significance by using χ2-tests, odds ratios, and regression analyses.ResultsSuicide intent data from 5212 participants was included in the analysis. A significant association between suicide intent and gender was found, where ‘Serious Suicide Attempts’ (SSA) were rated significantly more frequently in males than females (p < .001). There was a statistically significant gender difference in intent and age groups (p < .001) and between countries (p < .001). Furthermore, within the most utilised method, intentional drug overdose, ‘Serious Suicide Attempt’ (SSA) was rated significantly more often for males than females (p < .005).ConclusionsConsidering the differences in suicidal intent between males and females highlighted by the current study, gender targeted prevention and intervention strategies would be recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-national study on gender differences in suicide intent

et al. 2017

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“…Medically serious acts of DSH may result in more lengthy, intensive, and costly hospital treatment but they may also indicate those patients at increased risk of repetition or of subsequent suicide (Rosen, 1976; Suokas & Lönnqvist, 1991). Several studies have reported on the associations of lethality with suicidal intent and patient characteristics such as depression and hopelessness (Goldney, 1981; Pallis & Sainsbury, 1976; Power, Cooke, & Brooks, 1985); however, the methods used to rate lethality are sometimes relatively insensitive, for example dividing attempts into two groups (high and low lethality), or indirect, for example based on the type of medical ward to which the patient was admitted. In some studies, severity has been based on the characteristics associated with the medical seriousness of the act of DSH, and in others on its potential lethality.…”

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confidence: 99%

Correlates of Relative Lethality and Suicidal Intent among Deliberate Self‐Harm Patients

Haw¹,

Hawton

Houston

et al. 2003

Suicide & Life Threat Behav

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Conflicting findings have been reported regarding the relationship between the potential lethality of acts of deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicidal intent, and how each relates to patient characteristics. This study examines the relationship of suicidal intent of DSH to lethality, the relationship of both to patient characteristics, and determines if intent or lethality are risk factors for repetition of DSH. Potential lethality and Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) scores for DSH episodes were examined in a representative sample of 150 patients presenting to a general hospital. Follow-up interviews were completed 12 to 20 months later. Lethality was strongly associated with high intent. Both lethality and intent were associated with male gender. Suicidal intent but not lethality was associated with the presence of psychiatric disorder and depression. Intent was significantly correlated with hopelessness scale score. Although intent was correlated with both depression and self-esteem scale scores, these correlations became nonsignificant when the effect of hopelessness was removed. Repetition of DSH during the follow-up period was related to neither lethality nor intent scores for the original episodes. Lethality and suicidal intent, although related, have somewhat different correlates. Both should be considered when assessing DSH patients, but their relationship to further suicidal behavior does not appear to be straightforward.

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“…The acts subsumed under the term of deliberate self-harm differ in the degree and clarity of conscious suicidal intention (2)(3)(4). The value of assessing suicidal intent associated with self-harm has been discussed by several authors (3,5 ) and a number of methods have been devised for its measurement (6)(7)(8)(9). In addition to their use in screening, such instruments may have a predictive value for the future risk of suicide (1,9).…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinical correlates of intent in attempted suicide

Hamdi

Amin

Mattar³

1991

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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The seriousness of suicide attempts was evaluated in 62 consecutive referrals in 2 general hospitals. As measured by the Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) the majority of cases had a low to moderate intention to die. Increasing age, psychosis and deliberate self-injury were associated with high suicidal intent. Hopelessness and a sense of isolation are significantly more frequent antecedent ideo-affective states in cases with high intent and anger and frustration are more prevalent in cases with low intent. Two other measures of seriousness, the medical condition on admission and lethality of the method used, correlate significantly with the degree of intent. The SIS can distinguish between relatively homogeneous subgroups of suicide attempters for depth studies of aetiology and management.

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The value of assessing intent in attempted suicide

Cited by 44 publications

References 22 publications

A cross-national study on gender differences in suicide intent

A cross-national study on gender differences in suicide intent

Correlates of Relative Lethality and Suicidal Intent among Deliberate Self‐Harm Patients

Clinical correlates of intent in attempted suicide

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