The Value and Validity of Community-based Research: TBT Contamination of the North Sea

Evans, Sue; Birchenough, A.C.; Fletcher, Harvey

doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(99)00228-3

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This expectation was supported across a Evans et al (2000) About sexual malformations in predatory sea snails caused by chemicals used in marine paints; the media was interested initially in reporting on citizen involvement in the research but also built awareness about the issue; popular scientific trade journals published information about the research following media attention Fernandez-Gimenez et al (2008) Increased cooperation, collaboration, and trust among stakeholders; a variety of land management decisions were made among the groups Trust and partnerships developed between agency land managers and volunteer groups; citizens ultimately influenced forest management practices (e.g., U.S. Forest Service altered its timber sale to protect mushrooms, and landowners changed fencing practices to protect habitat) García and Brown (2009) About water quality following monitoring of bacteria and sediments and volunteer-led community meetings to share results CB: Developed and implemented water quality remediation plan Gooch (2004) Government board halted a development that was potentially harmful to the environment as a result of citizen contributions to the decision-making process Gooch (2005) Built internal social and networking connections and shared accumulated knowledge in local communities through public education programs Greenwood (2003) About declines in farmland bird populations; eventually understood across a broad community of stakeholders, including the public, farmers, politicians, and conservation groups based on sound scientific data collection and timely communication of results CA: More ecologically oriented attitudes CB: Changed agricultural policies related to birds and wildlife Agricultural policies no longer designed to solely benefit production; focus has shifted to protect wildlife that uses farmlands; Environmentally Sensitive Areas include provisions to protect wild birds that inhabit farmlands (con'd)…”

Section: Increase In Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Four articles reported on outcomes that were achieved within a year. Outcomes included building individual knowledge and community awareness (Evans et al 2000, Overdevest and Mayer 2007, Kountoupes and Oberhauser 2008 and changing behaviors (Jordan et al 2011). The minimum reported time to achieve policy-related outcomes was 2 months following data sharing (Becker et al 2005).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The types of volunteer monitoring efforts are also diversifying. In addition to weather, bird, and water monitoring, citizens also monitor a multitude of types of environmental systems and organisms, including air (O'Rourke and Macey 2003), amphibians (Shirose et al 1997), biodiversity (Cosquer et al 2012), mammals (Moyer-Horner et al 2012), invasive species (Gallo and Waitt 2011), forestry (Ballard et al 2008), marine environments (Evans et al 2000), and bees (Ashcroft et al 2012). These efforts have produced invaluable data that have been used by scientists to track changes in populations and environmental trends over time (e.g., Ticheler et al 1998, Boylen et al 2004, Bhattacharjee 2005, Greenwood 2007, Dickinson et al 2012) and by managers to modify practices to eliminate pollution (Da Silva Pinho 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual- and community-level impacts of volunteer environmental monitoring: a synthesis of peer-reviewed literature

Stepenuck¹,

Green²

2015

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Citizens have long contributed to scientific research about the environment through volunteer environmental monitoring programs. Their participation has also resulted in outcomes for themselves, their communities, and the environment. This research synthesizes 35 peer-reviewed journal articles that reported such outcomes through 2012. This collection of articles was derived from a pool of 436 peer-reviewed journal articles about participatory environmental monitoring. Reported outcomes for participants and communities ranged from increasing personal knowledge and community awareness to changing attitudes and behaviors, building social capital, and ultimately, influencing change in natural resource management and policies. Mixed results were reported in regard to citizen participation in natural resource decision-making processes and in terms of participant knowledge gain. Future research recommendations that address identified knowledge gaps include the following: (1) assessing knowledge beyond the basic content of the subject of monitoring to better address the value of volunteer environmental monitoring as a public participation tool; (2) conducting independent research across programs to enable null or negative outcome reporting, understand commonalities of outcomes across programs, and make linkages between outcomes and program characteristics; (3) carrying out rigorous research that includes data collection and statistical analysis focused on the effectiveness of citizen participation in decision making; (4) assessing the time component of outcome achievement to inform the volunteer monitoring community; and (5) conducting additional research to identify changes in attitudes and behaviors, particularly geared toward minimizing losses in biodiversity and impacts of climate change.

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Section: Increase In Awarenessmentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual- and community-level impacts of volunteer environmental monitoring: a synthesis of peer-reviewed literature

Stepenuck¹,

Green²

2015

E&S

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“…On the basis of prior investigations (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and interactions with practitioners (11), NIEHS endorses the following principles for effective CBPR:…”

Section: Six Principles Of Cbprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-based participatory research as a tool to advance environmental health sciences.

OʼFallon

Dearry

2002

Environ Health Perspect

424

317

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The past two decades have witnessed a rapid proliferation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) projects. CBPR methodology presents an alternative to traditional population-based biomedical research practices by encouraging active and equal partnerships between community members and academic investigators. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the premier biomedical research facility for environmental health, is a leader in promoting the use of CBPR in instances where community-university partnerships serve to advance our understanding of environmentally related disease. In this article, the authors highlight six key principles of CBPR and describe how these principles are met within specific NIEHS-supported research investigations. These projects demonstrate that community-based participatory research can be an effective tool to enhance our knowledge of the causes and mechanisms of disorders having an environmental etiology, reduce adverse health outcomes through innovative intervention strategies and policy change, and address the environmental health concerns of community residents.

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“…Amateurs and volunteers represent a large pool of potentially skilled unpaid labour, and have helped collect and gather data for scientific purposes for centuries (Mims 1999;Fore et al 2001). The use of volunteers has rapidly increased (USEPA 1998) with volunteers used worldwide in many conservation orientated projects to conduct baseline surveys, and to monitor marine (Halusky et al 1994;Evans et al 2000;Barrett et al 2002) and terrestrial organisms (Johnson 2001;Brandon et al 2003). Recreational scuba-divers are a specialized type of volunteer that have previously been used to investigate distribution and relative abundance of marine species (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the distribution and relative abundance of wobbegong sharks (Orectolobidae) in New South Wales, Australia, using recreational scuba-divers

Huveneers

Luo

Otway

et al. 2009

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-Wobbegongs are benthic sharks that are commercially targeted in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Given a dramatic reduction of more than 50% in landed catch in a decade, there is a clear need to ensure that basic ecological data such as distribution and abundance are available for management use. Opportunistic sightings of wobbegongs collected by recreational scuba-divers were used to assess the distribution and relative abundance of wobbegongs in NSW. From July 2003 until January 2005, 304 dives were undertaken by recreational divers and 454 wobbegongs were reported. Larger numbers of wobbegongs were sighted in northern compared to southern NSW. Spotted and ornate wobbegongs were sighted in similar numbers, but species composition was highly variable across locations. Only a few juvenile and newborn spotted wobbegongs were sighted, whereas small ornate wobbegongs were mostly sighted north of central NSW. The latter were possibly the third, cryptic species, the dwarf ornate wobbegong. The paucity of sightings of small wobbegongs suggests that juveniles and newborns are inconspicuous to divers or that small wobbegongs are found in areas not visited by divers. Potential species and size segregation suggest that closing areas to fishing may enable populations to sustain current levels of commercial exploitation. The cost-effectiveness of using recreational scuba-divers to opportunistically collect distribution and relative abundance data was apparent from this study. However, the lack of spatial and temporal homogeneity in diving effort suggests that future studies should consider incorporating organized surveys and a facilitator, rather than using opportunistic records of sightings. Key words:Orectolobus ornatus / Orectolobus maculatus / Orectolobus halei / Survey / Tasman sea Résumé -Les « wobbegongs » sont des requins benthiques qui sont recherchés en Nouvelles-Galles du Sud (NSW, Australie) à des fins commerciales. En regard de la réduction considérable des débarquements, plus de 50 % depuis une dizaine d'années, il est nécessaire de prendre des mesures pour que les données écologiques de base, telles que la répartition et l'abondance, soient disponibles en vue de leur gestion. Les observations occasionnelles de ces requins recueillies par des plongeurs sous-marins amateurs sont utilisées pour estimer la répartition et l'abondance relative des wobbegongs en NSW. De juillet 2003 à janvier 2005, 304 plongées ont été effectuées par des plongeurs amateurs et 454 wobbegongs ont été dénombrés. De plus grands nombres de wobbegongs ont été observés dans le nord comparé au sud de NSW. Des wobbegongs tachetés et ornés ont été vus en nombre égale mais la composition entre espèces est fortement variable entre les sites. Seuls, quelques juveniles et un nouveaux-nés de wobbegong tacheté ont été vus, tandis que de petits wobbegongs ornés ont été vus principalement au nord de NSW. Les derniers étaient probablement la troisième espèce cryptique de wobbegong orné nain. La rareté des observations de petits wobbegongs s...

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The Value and Validity of Community-based Research: TBT Contamination of the North Sea

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

Individual- and community-level impacts of volunteer environmental monitoring: a synthesis of peer-reviewed literature

Individual- and community-level impacts of volunteer environmental monitoring: a synthesis of peer-reviewed literature

Community-based participatory research as a tool to advance environmental health sciences.

Assessing the distribution and relative abundance of wobbegong sharks (Orectolobidae) in New South Wales, Australia, using recreational scuba-divers

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