The Validity of the DSM-IV Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Woo, Bernardine; Rey, Joseph M.

doi:10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01580.x

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Interestingly, although there is some evidence supporting the validity of ADHD-I and ADHD-HI as independent subtypes (Collett, Crowley, Gimpel, & Greenson, 2000;DuPaul et al, 1998), there is more support for the validity of ADHD-I and ADHD-C as separate subtypes (Baeyens et al, 2006;Bauermeister et al, 2005;Lemiere et al, 2010;Woo & Rey, 2005).…”

Section: Validity Of the Adhd Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD and Factor Analysis: Are There Really Three Distinct Subtypes of ADHD?

Bernfeld

2012

Applied Neuropsychology: Child

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The diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a behaviorally defined disorder, have been changed several times since first established in the second edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. In the current edition, the diagnosis includes three reportedly distinct subtypes. Despite considerable research, there remains little evidence of the diagnostic validity of three separate ADHD subtypes. Several posited explanations for problems delineating consistent differences between ADHD subtypes are addressed. This article considers the underlying factors thought to contribute to ADHD and evaluates the relevance of categorical and dimensional diagnostic approaches.

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Section: Validity Of the Adhd Subtypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

ADHD and Factor Analysis: Are There Really Three Distinct Subtypes of ADHD?

Bernfeld

2012

Applied Neuropsychology: Child

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“…The unresolved and long-debated (Lahey and Carlson, 1991; Cantwell, 1996; Sherman et al, 1997; Hudziak et al, 1998; Gomez et al, 1999; Neuman et al, 1999; Lahey et al, 2005; Nigg et al, 2005; Woo and Rey, 2005; Baeyens et al, 2006; Larsson et al, 2006; Volk et al, 2006) question whether the Inattention and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have shared versus distinct etiologies took a new turn when the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) replaced categorically distinct ADHD clinical subtypes with clinical “Presentations.” This decision was based in large part on evidence that the subtypes have notable similarities (e.g., cognitive and academic dysfunction, treatment response), as well as the fact it better accounts for the within-patient instability of ADHD symptom expression over time (Willcutt et al, 2012). Although this diagnostic change seemingly endorses the idea that the different ADHD symptom types stem from common causal factors, there is as yet insufficient evidence for either distinctiveness or similarity of pathophysiology underlying the two ADHD symptom types to conclude they are the same or different.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between white matter microstructure abnormalities and ADHD symptomatology in adolescents

Witt

Stevens

2015

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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The present study sought to evaluate whether white matter microstructure abnormalities observed in a cohort of adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have specific relationships with either or both Hyperactivity/Impulsivity and Inattentive ADHD symptom domains that would support a dimensional view of ADHD as adopted in the DSM-V. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were acquired on 22 adolescents diagnosed with ADHD. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine whether scalar DTI measures in 13 tracts-of-interest demonstrated meaningful associations with Hyperactivity/Impulsivity or Inattentive symptom severity. Fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity measures of white matter integrity exhibited significant linear relationships with Hyperactivity/Impulsivity and Inattentive symptom severity. However, only radial diffusivity in the right superior longitudinal fasciculus was specifically linked to Inattentive symptom severity and not Hyperactivity/Impulsivity symptom severity. Our results provide preliminary evidence that symptom domains in ADHD are linked to neuroanatomical substrates and confirm the value in examining ADHD from a dimensional perspective.

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“…There is convincing evidence for these DSM-IV clinical subtypes based on latent group analysis of symptom profiles (Lahey et al, 1998; Woo and Rey, 2005). The subtypes also have different patterns of psychiatric comorbidity, psychosocial function, and treatment response (see review by Baeyens et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, children with ADHD-I tend to have later age of onset (Applegate et al, 1997), have less comorbidity with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) (Barkley et al, 1990), and are less assertive and knowledgeable about appropriate social skills than children with ADHD-C (Maedgen and Carlson, 2000). Based on this evidence, some researchers have concluded ADHD-I and ADHD-C (the two most frequently studied and most prevalent (Woo and Rey, 2005) subtypes found after first grade) are clinically distinct disorders (Milich et al, 2001; Diamond, 2005). Both subtypes have generally the same neuropsychological deficits (Willcutt et al, 2012), differing primarily in severity (Nikolas and Nigg, 2013), hindering conclusions about different neural abnormalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain activity in predominantly-inattentive subtype attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during an auditory oddball attention task

Orinstein

Stevens

2014

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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Previous functional neuroimaging studies have found brain activity abnormalities in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on numerous cognitive tasks. However, little is known about brain dysfunction unique to the predominantly-inattentive subtype of ADHD (ADHD-I), despite debate as to whether DSM-IV-defined ADHD subtypes differ in etiology. This study compared brain activity of 18 ADHD-I adolescents (ages 12–18) and 20 non-psychiatric age-matched control participants on a functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI) auditory oddball attention task. ADHD-I participants had significant activation deficits to infrequent target stimuli in bilateral superior temporal gyri, bilateral insula, several midline cingulate/medial frontal gyrus regions, right posterior parietal cortex, thalamus, cerebellum, and brainstem. To novel stimuli, ADHD-I participants had reduced activation in bilateral lateral temporal lobe structures. There were no brain regions where ADHD-I participants had greater hemodynamic activity to targets or novels than controls. Brain activity deficits in ADHD-I participants were found in several regions important to attentional orienting and working memory-related cognitive processes involved in target identification. These results differ from those in previously studied adolescents with combined-subtype ADHD, who had a lesser magnitude of activation abnormalities in frontoparietal regions and relatively more discrete regional deficits to novel stimuli. The divergent findings suggest different etiological factors might underlie attention deficits in different DSM-IV-defined ADHD subtypes, and they have important implications for the DSM-V reconceptualization of subtypes as varying clinical presentations of the same core disorder.

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The Validity of the DSM-IV Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 55 publications

References 90 publications

ADHD and Factor Analysis: Are There Really Three Distinct Subtypes of ADHD?

ADHD and Factor Analysis: Are There Really Three Distinct Subtypes of ADHD?

Relationship between white matter microstructure abnormalities and ADHD symptomatology in adolescents

Brain activity in predominantly-inattentive subtype attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during an auditory oddball attention task

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