The Validity and Meaning of the Results of Biological Assays

Jerne, N. K.; Wood, Eric C.

doi:10.2307/3001512

Cited by 66 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Williamson et al (1961) in this way reported the activities of serum samples containing phenoxypenicillins in terms of a benzylpenicillin standard. The method contravenes all the accepted principles of biological standardization (Jerne and Wood, 1949;Miles, 1952), and yields results which are valueless and may be misleading. The values obtained will be a property of the test organism chosen, usually Sarcina lutea, and will depend on the many biological variables of the assay ; they give no indication at all of the relative values of the different antibiotics in vivo except perhaps for an animal with the specific nutrient agar of the assay circulating through its blood system, infected with S. lutea.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Four Phenoxypenicillins

Bond¹,

Lightbown²,

Barber³

et al. 1963

BMJ

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Four Phenoxypenicillins

Bond¹,

Lightbown²,

Barber³

et al. 1963

BMJ

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“…Subject to certain assumptions about validity, the comparison of the dose-response relationships for the standard and the unknown to be measured then gives a value of the FSH unitage to the substance being measured (110,113). The relationship between the response and the amount or dose of hormone (the dose-response relationship) will be subject to random variations arising from the variations between replicate subjects.…”

Section: Metrological Considerations and The Need For Standardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition and Measurement of Follicle Stimulating Hormone

2000

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FSH has a key role in the development and function of the reproductive system and is widely used both diagnostically and therapeutically in developmental and reproductive medicine. The accurate measurement of FSH levels, in patients for diagnosis and monitoring and in therapeutic preparations for clinical use, is essential for safe and successful treatment. Historically, FSH was defined on the basis of classical in vivo endocrine activity, and early therapeutic preparations were calibrated using in vivo bioassays. There was early recognition that reference preparations were required for calibration if the results from different laboratories were to be comparable. In response to the perceived need, the World Health Organization established the first standard for such preparations in 1959. Subsequent developments in biotechnology have led to recognition that there is no single molecule that can be uniquely defined as FSH, and that FSH can induce a range of biological activities. Several highly purified standards for FSH are now available, but discontinuity and heterogeneity of estimates of FSH activity in terms of these standards made using in vitro assays and binding assays have been noted. It is thus essential that any measurement of FSH include specification both of the standard with which the measured FSH is compared and the assay method used for that comparison.

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“…This method inevitably requires for its strict validity a number of assumptions, which were discussed in the above literatures. The paper of Jerne and Wood (1949) is especially valuable.…”

Section: Reproducibility Of Relative Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The criteria for fundamental conditions for valid biological assay were referred to Jerne and Wood (1949) and Finney (1952 b). When inoculated intraperitoneally with pertussis vaccine, the body weight of a mouse generally decreases first and then increases to reach and exceeds the body weight at the time of inoculation (initial body weight), as schematically shown in Fig.…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%