The validation of statements by IDUs based on the analysis of blood traces on their used syringes

Menoyo, C; Lamikiz, E; Zulaika, Daniel; Zubia, I Aguirre; Pancorbo, Marian M. de

doi:10.1080/09540129850123948

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Contradictory findings in different studies could be attributed to selection bias, meaning the selection of people who were more likely to engage in high-risk injection behaviors than others regardless of participating in these programs (20,37). Few studies have shown that this program has no significant effect on high-risk injection-related behaviors (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Harm-reducing Programs in Drop-in Centers on the Frequency of High-Risk Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users in Hamadan

et al. 2023

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Background: It is necessary to study high-risk behaviors among intravenous drug users, as well as the effectiveness of the syringe-needle program to help health officials adopt appropriate health policies in order to promote public health services. Therefore, it is necessary to gather and present up-to-date evidence on the effectiveness of these interventions. Methods: The study aimed to evaluate a harm-reducing program using a self-report tool before and after implementing an interventional program, consisting of training on low-risk injection methods, sterilization methods for injection devices, reducing the risks of drug abuse and sexual behaviors, HIV and hepatitis B counseling and testing, apportioning sterile syringes, needles, cotton, alcohol, and condoms, offering methadone maintenance treatment, collecting and discarding contaminated needles, and referral of patients to specialized medical centers. These procedures were performed in two drop-in centers (DIC) in Hamadan. Participants were recruited by the census, including 188 volunteers from the DICs. Descriptive statistics for quantitative variables were mean and standard deviation. Absolute and relative frequencies were used for ranked and categorized variables. Analytical analysis for high-risk behaviors before and after the intervention was performed using the tests related to paired data and, if necessary, regression models (P ≤ 0.05). STATA version 12 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 188 people participated in this study, of whom 112 (59.6%) were male, and 76 (40.4%) were female. The mean ± standard deviation of the age of the participants was 47.72 ± 10.88. The results showed that the proportions of non-injecting drug users (P = 0.03), injecting drug users (P = 0.008), and co-injection users (P < 0.001) were significantly different compared before admission to the DICs and two months after discharge (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Programs of DICs, especially educational programs and distributing syringes and needles, play a significant role in reducing high-risk behaviors, at least in the short term. As a result, this practice may help reduce the incidence of HIV and other diseases transmitted through joint injections among drug users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Harm-reducing Programs in Drop-in Centers on the Frequency of High-Risk Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users in Hamadan

et al. 2023

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“…However, the evidence is that drug users are sufficiently reliable and able to provide descriptions of drug use, drug-related problems, their history of drug use, criminality and HIV-risk behaviours (Darke, 1998). There is a high correlation between self-reports of syringe sharing and DNA analysis of the contents of used syringes, and between selfreport of HIV status and antibody tests carried out on used syringes (Menoyo et al, 1998). An Australian study found that IDUs were motivated to participate in studies because of economic gain, an expression of citizenship, altruism, personal satisfaction, drug user activism or as part of seeking information or assistance (Fry & Dwyer, 2001).…”

Section: Hiv Risk Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for assessing HIV and HIV risk among IDUs and for evaluating interventions

Stimson

Hickman

Rhodes

et al. 2005

International Journal of Drug Policy

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A wide range of methods is now available for assessing the nature and characteristics of drug injecting populations, and for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions developed to reduce injecting related harms. The public health surveillance tasks in relation to injecting drug use populations and associated health problems are the same, in principle, as for the surveillance of other health problems. These are: to describe the patterns of the condition, the nature of the problem and the environment (context) in which it occurs; to determine the scale of interventions needed and estimated coverage required, to forecast future health care needs; to mobilise resources and target prevention; and to evaluate interventions. Countries vary in their existing levels of information as well as resources for surveillance systems, research and evaluation. We propose three levels of assessment: basic assessment, which is suitable in situations of low awareness and information, routine surveillance, and enhanced surveillance, which requires more complex research and/or analyses of data collected from routine surveillance.

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“…However, self-report data are prone to bias. Despite evidence that sociodemographic and behavioral information provided by IDUs is quite reliable (Darke, 1998;Menoyo et al, 1998), several studies comparing traditional self-report to audio computer-assisted self-interview have shown that IDUs tend to under-report needle-sharing behaviors (Des Jarlais et al, 1999;Metzger et al, 2000) and to over-report protective behaviors such as condom use (Macalino et al, 2002) on interviewer-administered questionnaires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Needle Exchange Operations in a Poor Brazilian Community

Bastos

Malta

Hacker

et al. 2006

Substance Use & Misuse

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This article assesses the operations of Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, (southern Brazil) needle exchange program (NEP), a setting where HIV infection rates have been on the rise among injection drug users (IDUs) in recent years, contrasting with substantial declines observed in this population, in major Brazilian cities (located in the southeast and southernmost part of Brazilian northeast). We explored local syringe dynamics, with the exclusive delivery in the local NEP of tagged syringes, and the subsequent monitoring of returned tagged/untagged used syringes from January to September 2002. We further assessed local NEP operations using focus groups and field observation, trying to expose the underlying reasons for the substantial delay in the return of tagged syringes and the continuous and relevant return of untagged syringes throughout the study period. We found that local IDUs reuse, divert, and create caches of syringes at their discretion. All efforts should be made to increase the availability of clean syringes and to fully integrate syringe exchange with comprehensive health education and health screening to effectively curb HIV spread.

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The validation of statements by IDUs based on the analysis of blood traces on their used syringes

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

The Effect of Harm-reducing Programs in Drop-in Centers on the Frequency of High-Risk Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users in Hamadan

The Effect of Harm-reducing Programs in Drop-in Centers on the Frequency of High-Risk Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users in Hamadan

Methods for assessing HIV and HIV risk among IDUs and for evaluating interventions

Assessing Needle Exchange Operations in a Poor Brazilian Community

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