The Validation of Acoustic Environment Simulator to Determine the Relationship between Sound Objects and Soundscape

Sudarsono, Anugrah Sabdono; Lam, Y. W.; Davies, William J.

doi:10.3813/aaa.919094

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They also found distinguishable or indistinguishable, background or foreground, and intrusive or smooth are three important dimensions in terms of sound sources [40]. Sudarsono et al [17] revealed that three reliable soundscape dimensions are relaxation, dynamics and communication, which are consistent with the previous study conducted by Kang and Zhang [37]. Meng et al also found that acoustic comfort correlated with subjective loudness [18].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Soundscapes, defined by ISO, are acoustic environment as perceived or experienced and/or understood by a person or people, in context [14]. In soundscape studies, different facets have been investigated, termed as soundscape dimensions, characteristics, factors, attributes etc., representing the general perception tendencies of soundscape, specific perception of soundscape, and objective measurement of soundscape [15,16,17,18], although those terms are often used in a mixed way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of soundscape dimensions on acoustic comfort in urban open public spaces

Zhang

Kang

et al. 2018

Applied Acoustics

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Soundscapes in public squares play important roles in urban open spaces. This study aimed to discover the effect of four soundscape dimensions, namely relaxation, communication, spatiality and dynamics, on acoustic comfort in urban open public spaces. A typical city square in China was selected as a case site. Sound environment measurements and questionnaire surveys were carried out for 8 survey positions. The results showed that the perceived dominance of sound sources had a significant effect on relaxation, communication, spatiality and dynamics. Relaxation was greater when the natural sound was perceived dominantly, while it was lower when mechanical sounds or anthropogenic sounds were perceived dominantly. Acoustic comfort had a significant correlation with the soundscape dimensions and LAeq, with spearman's correlation coefficients of 0.495 (relaxation), 0.210 (sound pressure level) and 0.288 (spatiality). In terms of the differences in perceived sound types, acoustic comfort was positively correlated with relaxation when natural sound or anthropogenic sound was perceived dominantly. As spatiality increased, acoustic comfort first decreased and later increased when relaxation was higher, while there were positive correlations between acoustic comfort and relaxation under the other situations. Moreover, when spatiality or communication was higher, there were significant correlations between acoustic comfort and dynamics. According to these results, acoustic comfort can be increased as soundscape dimensions change in an urban open public space.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soundscape dimensions on acoustic comfort in urban open public spaces

Zhang

Kang

et al. 2018

Applied Acoustics

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“…This could be explained by the fact that people prefer landscapes with bird sounds to those with traffic sounds. The principal component analysis (PCA), a statistical method was proposed to explore communalities in collected soundscape semantical data, and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was applied within PCA to verify the adequacy of the data and the factor loadings [18][19][20]22]. The PCA with varimax rotation was thus chosen to extract the orthogonal factors (Table 3).…”

Section: Soundscape In Multidimensional Scales In Vr Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity of VR Technology on the Smartphone for the Study of Wind Park Soundscapes

Behm

Bill

et al. 2018

IJGI

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The virtual reality of the landscape environment supplies a high level of realism of the real environment, and may improve the public awareness and acceptance of wind park projects. The soundscape around wind parks could have a strong influence on the acceptance and annoyance of wind parks. To explore this VR technology on realism and subjective responses toward different soundscapes of ambient wind parks, three different types of virtual reality on the smartphone tests were performed: aural only, visual only, and aural-visual combined. In total, 21 aural and visual combinations were presented to 40 participants. The aural and visual information used were of near wind park settings and rural spaces. Perceived annoyance levels and realism of the wind park environment were measured. Results indicated that most simulations were rated with relatively strong realism. Perceived realism was strongly correlated with light, color, and vegetation of the simulation. Most wind park landscapes were enthusiastically accepted by the participants. The addition of aural information was found to have a strong impact on whether the participant was annoyed. Furthermore, evaluation of the soundscape on a multidimensional scale revealed the key components influencing the individual's annoyance by wind parks were the factors of "calmness/relaxation" and "naturality/pleasantness". "Diversity" of the soundscape might correlate with perceived realism. Finally, the dynamic aural-visual stimuli using virtual reality technology could improve the environmental assessment of the wind park landscapes, and thus, provide a more comprehensible scientific decision than conventional tools. In addition, this study could improve the participatory planning process for more acceptable wind park landscapes.

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“…The reproduction by using a headphone has also been implemented but there is limited information about the validity of the system. The sonic environment simulation using a multi-speaker system also has been validated using semantic differential analysis [34].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sudarsono et al [34] further developed the simulator, enabling the composition of a sonic environment using only the sound sources. This simulator can also simulate the movement of moving sound sources and the position of the sound sources.…”

Section: Figure 5 Sonic Reproduction System Using Speakersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a Web-Based Urban Soundscape Evaluation System

Sudarsono¹,

Sarwono²

2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Acoustic quality is one of the important aspects of urban design. It is usually evaluated based on how loud the urban environment is. However, this approach does not consider people’s perception of the urban acoustic environment. Therefore, a different method has been developed based on the perception of the acoustic environment using the concept of soundscape. Soundscape is defined as the acoustic environment perceived by people who are part of the environment. This approach considers the relationship between the sound source, the environment, and the people. The analysis of soundscape considers many aspects such as cultural aspects, people’s expectations, people’s experience of space, and social aspects. Soundscape affects many aspects of human life such as culture, health, and the quality of life. Urban soundscape management and planning must be integrated with the other aspect of urban design, both in the design and the improvement stages. The soundscape concept seeks to make the acoustic environment as pleasant as possible in a space with or without uncomfortable sound sources. Soundscape planning includes the design of physical features to achieve a positive perceptual outcome. It is vital to gather data regarding the relationship between humans and the components of a soundscape, e.g., sound sources, features of the physical environment, the functions of a space, and the expectation of the sound source. The data can be measured and gathered using several soundscape evaluation methods. Soundscape evaluation is usually conducted using in-situ surveys and laboratory experiments using a multi-speaker system. Although these methods have been validated and are widely used in soundscape analysis, there are some limitations in the application. The in-situ survey needs to be done at one time with many people at the same time because it is hard to replicate the acoustic environment. Conversely, the laboratory experiment does not have a problem with the repetition of the experiment. This method requires a room with a multi-speaker reproduction system. This project used a different method to analyse soundscape developed using headphones via the internet. The internet system for data gathering has been established; a website has enabled to reproduce high-quality audio and it has a system to design online questionnaires. Furthermore, the development of a virtual reality system allows the reproduction of virtual audio-visual stimulus on a website. Although the website has an established system to gather the required data, the problem is the validation of the reproduction system for soundscape analysis, which needs to be done with consideration of several factors: the suitable recording system, the effect of headphone variation, the calibration of the system, and the perception result from internet-based acoustic environment reproduction. This study aims to develop and validate a web-based urban soundscape evaluation method. By using this method, the experiment can be repeated easily and data can be gathered from many respondents. Furthermore, the simplicity of the system allows for the application by the stakeholders in urban design. The data gathered from this system is important for the design of an urban area with consideration of the acoustic aspects.

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The Validation of Acoustic Environment Simulator to Determine the Relationship between Sound Objects and Soundscape

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of soundscape dimensions on acoustic comfort in urban open public spaces

Effect of soundscape dimensions on acoustic comfort in urban open public spaces

Validity of VR Technology on the Smartphone for the Study of Wind Park Soundscapes

The Development of a Web-Based Urban Soundscape Evaluation System

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