The vagus nerve is involved in the anorexigenic effect of simmondsin in the rat

Flo, Gerda; Boven, Maurits Van; Vermaut, Sabien; Daenens, Paul; Decuypere, Eddy; Cokelaere, Marnix

doi:10.1006/appe.1999.0299

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For example, it has been shown that fasting (over 96 h) lowers plasma and duodenal levels of S CCK (Zheng et al, 1987;Koop et al, 1987), and reduces CCK receptor affinity (Chowdhury & Rayford, 2001). In addition, other reports found that fasting attenuates the satiety effects of peptides such as S CCK-8, simmondsin and oleoylethanolamide in rats (Gallmann et al, 2006;Flo et al, 2000;Gaetani et al, 2003). To explain these results one study found that leptin deficiency induced by fasting attenuates 30 minutes food intake suppression by CCK, an effect that was reversed by leptin replacement (McMinn et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Non-sulfated cholecystokinin-8 reduces meal size and prolongs the intermeal interval in male Sprague Dawley rats

et al. 2019

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The current study measured seven feeding responses by non-sulfated cholecystokinin-8 (NS CCK-8) in freely fed adult male Sprague Dawley rats. The peptide (0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5 and 10nmol/kg) was given intraperitoneally (ip) prior to the onset of the dark cycle, and first meal size (MS), second meal size, intermeal interval (IMI) length, satiety ratio (SR = IMI/MS), latency to first meal, duration of first meal, number of meals and 24-hour food intake were measured. We found that NS CCK-8 (0.5 and 1.0nmol/kg) reduced MS, prolonged IMI length and increased SR during the dark cycle. Furthermore, the specific CCK-B receptor antagonist L365, 260 (1 mg/kg, ip) attenuated these responses. These results support a possible role for NS CCK-8 in regulating food intake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Non-sulfated cholecystokinin-8 reduces meal size and prolongs the intermeal interval in male Sprague Dawley rats

et al. 2019

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“…3 Teratological studies found lower birth weights of jojobatreated rat dams compared with a pair-fed group, to be because of lower body weight gain during gestation; offspring showed no other abnormalities and subsequently reproduced normally. 4 Simmondsin may reduce food intake by increasing satiety [5][6][7] via an indirect interaction with the peripheral CCK A system. Cokelaere et al 8 found that simmondsin's effect on satiety was abolished by administration of a CCK A receptor-antagonist (devazepide), which had previously been shown to inhibit the anorexic effect of exogenous CCK in both rats and mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simmondsin for weight loss in rats

Boozer

Herron

2006

Int J Obes

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Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy for weight loss of simmondsin, a dietary supplement extracted from the seed of the jojoba plant (Simmondsia chinensis). Animals: Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed various levels of simmondsin for 8 weeks (lean rats) or 16 weeks (high fat-induced obese rats). Measurements: Food intake, body weight and composition, histopathology, hematology parameters. Results: Simmondsin produced a clear dose-response effect on food intake and body weight. No remarkable histopathologic changes were noted in the liver, kidney and spleen. One lean animal, in the 0.5% group, had approximately a 20% depression in red bone marrow cells. Significant effects on hematology parameters were seen almost exclusively in groups consuming simmondsin at the highest level (0.5%) and these effects appeared to be reversed by removing simmondsin from the diet. Conclusion: Simmondsin at both the 0.15% level and the 0.25% level significantly reduced food intake and body weight without apparent negative effects. At dose levels much higher than therapeutic levels, there seemed to be reversible effects on circulating red and white blood cells. Future studies should determine long-term effects of lower doses on blood cell parameters.

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“…Although the anorexic mechanism of the glycoside action is not fully understood, studies have shown that there appears to be indirect action on cholecystokinin (CCK) receptors. 6 , 8 , 9 CCK has paracrine action on vagal afferent fibers from the gastrointestinal tract leading to gastric acid secretion, pancreatic enzyme stimulation, and decreased gastric motility, as well as various systemic effects. 10 A previous case report regarding a patient with a CCK-releasing neuroendocrine tumor described a symptomology of diarrhea, severe weight loss, gallstones, and peptic ulcer disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual etiology of gastrointestinal symptoms: the case of jojoba butter

Minckler

Fisher

Bowers

et al. 2017

OAEM

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BackgroundJojoba butter is cyanogenic and has gained attention among herbal supplement consumers due to claims that it may aid in weight loss. Jojoba butter is extracted from the seeds of jojoba shrubs found in the Sonoran Desert. The seeds have long been recognized as inedible, however clinical symptoms following ingestion are not well documented.Case reportThis report describes a patient who developed restlessness and gastrointestinal complaints following ingestion of homemade jojoba seed butter. The patient’s presentation following ingestion is discussed, as well as effective workup and treatment. In our case, the patient was monitored and received fluid resuscitation, lorazepam, and diphenhydramine for symptomatic therapy.ConclusionThis case describes the gastrointestinal sequela and effective management following ingestion of jojoba butter.

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The vagus nerve is involved in the anorexigenic effect of simmondsin in the rat

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Non-sulfated cholecystokinin-8 reduces meal size and prolongs the intermeal interval in male Sprague Dawley rats

Non-sulfated cholecystokinin-8 reduces meal size and prolongs the intermeal interval in male Sprague Dawley rats

Simmondsin for weight loss in rats

Unusual etiology of gastrointestinal symptoms: the case of jojoba butter

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