The utility of urinary CD80 as a diagnostic marker in patients with renal diseases

Abstract

CD80, which regulates T cell activation, may provide a differential diagnostic marker between minimal change disease (MCD) and other renal diseases, including focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). However, recent reports show contrasting results. Therefore, we evaluated the utility of urinary CD80 as a diagnostic biomarker. We collected 65 urine samples from 55 patients with MCD (n = 31), FSGS (n = 4), inherited nephrotic syndrome (n = 4), Alport syndrome (n = 5) and other glomerular diseases (n = 11), and control samples (n = 30). We measured urinary CD80 levels by ELISA. Urinary CD80 (ng/gCr) (median, interquartile range) levels were significantly higher in patients with MCD in relapse (91.5, 31.1–356.0), FSGS (376.2, 62.7–1916.0), and inherited nephrotic syndrome (220.1, 62.9–865.3), than in patients with MCD in remission (29.5, 21.7–52.8) (p < 0.05). Elevation of urinary CD80 was observed, even in patients with inherited nephrotic syndrome unrelated to T cell activation. Additionally, urinary CD80 was positively correlated with urinary protein levels. Our results suggest that urinary CD80 is unreliable as a differential diagnostic marker between MCD in relapse and FSGS or inherited kidney diseases. Increased urinary CD80 excretion was present in all patients with active kidney disease.

Urinary CD80 Discriminates Among Glomerular Disease Types and Reflects Disease Activity

“…11,15,26À28 A recent report did not show differences in the urinary CD80/ creatinine ratio in MCD with respect to other nephrotic diseases. 29 Of note, this study included only 4 FSGS patients (with an outlier), and one-third of MCD samples appeared to have high uCD80 levels, suggesting that subgroups of patients can be stratified according to their uCD80 levels. 29 Glomerular CD80 expression and uCD80 have also been suggested as predictors of abatacept response.…”

“…29 Of note, this study included only 4 FSGS patients (with an outlier), and one-third of MCD samples appeared to have high uCD80 levels, suggesting that subgroups of patients can be stratified according to their uCD80 levels. 29 Glomerular CD80 expression and uCD80 have also been suggested as predictors of abatacept response. 15,17,30 Garin et al found strong glomerular CD80 staining in an MCD patient and weak staining in 2 FSGS samples.…”

Cesarean section delivery is a risk factor of autism-related behaviors in mice

“…3-CSI test. The 3-CSI test was conducted as previously described 9 . Each subject mouse was acclimated to the test box by free exploration for 5 min before the test.…”

“…1 b,c, 2 d, 3 c,d, and Supplementary Fig. 2 d) as previously described 9 . To compare three or more groups, Dunnett’s test was used (Figs.…”

“…We also investigated the underlying mechanisms and the potential to ameliorate these effects. We previously demonstrated that postnatal OXT treatment is effective for ameliorating sociability in an ASD model mouse, 15q dup 9 . Here, we again examined the effects of OXT treatment on the ASD-related behaviors induced in the offspring.…”