The utility of the SCL‐90‐R for the diagnosis of war‐zone related posttraumatic stress disorder

Weathers, Frank W.; Litz, Brett T.; Keane, Terence M.; Herman, Debra S.; Steinberg, Howard R.; Huska, Jennifer A.; Kraemer, Helena C.

doi:10.1002/jts.2490090110

Cited by 76 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In total, 86.6% (N=58) of the (probable) PTSD cases (N=67, Scores on the Impact of Event Scale of 35 or more 28 ) also reported very severe mental health problems according to our composite variable of very severe symptoms. These findings are in line with previous research, 29 30 demonstrating that PTSD and SCL-90-R scores are strongly associated. Thus, an increased prevalence rate for PTSD in the absence of marked mental health problems would be highly unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Police officers: a high-risk group for the development of mental health disturbances? A cohort study

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesPolicing is generally considered a high-risk profession for the development of mental health problems, but this assumption lacks empirical evidence. Research question of the present study is to what extent mental health disturbances, such as (very) severe symptoms of anxiety, depression and hostility are more prevalent among police officers than among other occupational groups.DesignMulticomparative cross-sectional study using the data of several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies in the Netherlands.ParticipantsTwo samples of police officers (N=144 and 503), employees of banks (N=1113) and employees of banks who were robbed (N=144); employees of supermarkets (N=335), and a psychiatric hospital (N=219), employees of a governmental social welfare organisation (N=76), employees who followed a training based on rational-motive therapy to strengthen their assertiveness (N=710), soldiers before deployment (N=278) and before redeployment (N=236) and firefighters (N=123). The numbers refer to respondents with complete data.Primary outcomesPrevalence of severe (subclinical level) and very severe symptoms (clinical level) were computed using the Dutch norm tables (80th percentile and 95th percentile, respectively) of the Symptom Check List Revised (SCL-90-R). All comparisons were controlled for age, gender and education.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression and analyses showed that the prevalence of clinical and subclinical levels of symptoms of anxiety, depression and hostility among police officers were not significantly higher than among comparison groups. The same pattern was found for the other SCL-90-R subscales.ConclusionsWe found no indications that self-reported mental health disturbances were more prevalent among police officers than among groups of employees that are not considered high-risk groups, such as employees of banks, supermarkets, psychiatric hospital and soldiers before deployment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Police officers: a high-risk group for the development of mental health disturbances? A cohort study

et al. 2013

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“…; SCID) PTSD Module with Chronology of Life Events (First, Spitzer, Gibbon, & Williams, 1995) in addition to the Posttraumatic Symptom Checklist-Short Version (PCL-S; Weathers et al, 1996), a self-report checklist for symptoms within the month prior to assessment. A participant was said to meet criteria for PTSD if (a) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distorted Maternal Mental Representations and Atypical Behavior in a Clinical Sample of Violence-Exposed Mothers and Their Toddlers

Schechter

Coates

Kaminer

et al. 2008

Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

129

114

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“…The Symptom Checklist– 90 hostility subscale (35), a six-item scale, asks participants to rate items according to how distressing they were to the participant in the past week, ranging from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely). Statistical analyses of this subscale yielded two different constructs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Anger and Hostility in Iraq and Afghanistan War Veterans

Elbogen

Wagner

Fuller

et al. 2010

AJP

148

115

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Objective As troops return from Iraq and Afghanistan to civilian life, clinicians are starting to grapple with how best to detect those at risk of post-deployment adjustment problems. Data reveal the presence of mental health problems in these soldiers, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), head injury, and alcohol abuse. Each of these conditions has been associated with elevated anger and hostility in veterans from previous conflicts. The authors sought to identify variables empirically related to anger and hostility in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. Method A total of 676 veterans who served since September 11, 2001, and who volunteered to participate in research studies, were interviewed with instruments designed to collect information on psychiatric symptoms, health, and possible post-deployment adjustment issues. The primary outcome measures were variables measuring aggressive impulses or urges, difficulty managing anger, and perceived problems controlling violent behavior. Results The three outcome measures were each significantly associated with PTSD hyperarousal symptoms. Other PTSD symptoms were less strongly and less consistently linked to anger and hostility. Traumatic brain injury and alcohol misuse were related to the outcome variables in bivariate but not multivariate analyses. Distinct sets of demographic, historical, and military-related variables were associated with the different facets of anger and hostility measured. Conclusions The results underscore the need to tailor interventions individually to address anger and hostility effectively and to develop theoretically sophisticated, evidence-based knowledge to identify service members at risk of problematic post-deployment adjustment.

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The utility of the SCL‐90‐R for the diagnosis of war‐zone related posttraumatic stress disorder

Cited by 76 publications

References 23 publications

Police officers: a high-risk group for the development of mental health disturbances? A cohort study

Police officers: a high-risk group for the development of mental health disturbances? A cohort study

Distorted Maternal Mental Representations and Atypical Behavior in a Clinical Sample of Violence-Exposed Mothers and Their Toddlers

Correlates of Anger and Hostility in Iraq and Afghanistan War Veterans

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