The Utility of Specific Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Laboratory Diagnosis

Fu, Yu; Pan, Yunbao; Li, Zhiqiang; Li, Yirong

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.603058

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…We found a higher level of antibodies in patients with severe versus asymptomatic infections. Likewise, our results corroborate the early appearance of IgG(N) and (S) 14,6 . Asymptomatic individuals maintain antibody levels above the threshold for IgM(N) up to six months, while antibodies for IgG(N) and (S) remain above the threshold to day 360 and 270, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Antibody kinetics to SARS-CoV-2 at 13.5 months, by disease severity

Violán

Quirant

Lamonja-Vicente

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Understanding humoral responses and seroprevalence in SARS-CoV-2 infection is essential for guiding vaccination strategies in both infected and uninfected individuals. Methods: We determine the kinetics of IgM against the nucleocapsid (N) and IgG against the spike (S) and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in a cohort of 860 health professionals (healthy and infected) in northern Barcelona. We model the kinetics of IgG and IgM at nine time points over 13.5 months from infection, using non-linear mixed models by sex and clinical disease severity. Results: Of the 781 participants who were followed up, 478 (61.2%) became infected with SARS-CoV-2. Significant differences were found for the three antibodies by disease severity and sex. At day 270 after diagnosis, median IgM(N) levels were already below the positivity threshold in patients with asymptomatic and mild-moderate disease, while IgG(N, S) levels remained positive to days 360 and 270, respectively. Kinetic modelling showed a general rise in both IgM(N) and IgG(N) levels up to day 30, followed by a decay whose rate depended on disease severity. IgG(S) levels increased at day 15 and remained relatively constant over time. Conclusions: We describe kinetic models of IgM(N) and IgG(N, S) SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at 13.5 months from infection and disease spectrum. Our analyses delineate differences in the kinetics of IgM and IgG over a year and differences in the levels of IgM and IgG as early as 15 days from symptoms onset in severe cases. These results can inform public health policies around vaccination criteria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Antibody kinetics to SARS-CoV-2 at 13.5 months, by disease severity

Violán

Quirant

Lamonja-Vicente

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…As a point of care testing (POCT) method, the colloidal gold method has been applied in clinical practice for diagnosing and post-recovery detection of COVID-19. It also features the advantages of sensitive, specific, time-saving, it consumes a small amount of specimen, and is easy to perform without the requirement for special equipment, compared with various other serological testing methods (Fu et al, 2020;Huang et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) is an effective screening method for identifying detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies

Li¹,

Yin²,

Pang³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Introduction A large number of COVID-19 patients are in recovery and millions of people are vaccinated COVID-19 vaccines globally daily. This calls for a rapid screening strategy of SARS-CoV-2 protective antibodies generated in rehabilitators and vaccinated populations. Methods Serum samples collected over a follow-up period of 6 months from 306 COVID-19 cases discharged from Wuhan Tongji Hospital were analyzed. Anti-S Abs were detected by colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were detected by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Results Most COVID-19 survivors tested positive for anti-S Abs (83.7%) and nAbs (98.0%) 6 months after being discharged from the hospital, and the levels of anti-S Abs in the blood were highly positively correlated with nAbs (r = 0.652, P < 0.0001). The positivity rate of nAbs for patients with anti-S Abs positive was 100%. Conclusions There is a good agreement between anti-S Abs detected by GICA and nAbs detected by CMIA. It indicates that anti-S Abs detected by GICA may be used as a cheaper screening strategy for detectable SARS-CoV-2 nAbs in COVID-19 convalescent individuals.

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“…However, to date, there are limited data on the duration and nature of immunity generated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection or after vaccination. To measure the humoral mediated immune response caused by SARS-CoV-2, several commercially available and laboratory-developed antibody tests have been established [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The sensitivity and specificity of these assays vary widely, depending on the used technology, detected antibody class, disease severity, and moment of testing in the infection phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of Different Surrogate Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (sELISAs) for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies

Kohmer

Rühl

Ciesek

et al. 2021

JCM

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The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is a preferred method for the detection of functional, SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralizing antibodies from serum samples. Alternatively, surrogate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using ACE2 as the target structure for the detection of neutralization-competent antibodies have been developed. They are capable of high throughput, have a short turnaround time, and can be performed under standard laboratory safety conditions. However, there are very limited data on their clinical performance and how they compare to the PRNT. We evaluated three surrogate immunoassays (GenScript SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Kit (GenScript Biotech, Piscataway Township, NJ, USA), the TECO® SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Assay (TECOmedical AG, Sissach, Switzerland), and the Leinco COVID-19 ImmunoRank™ Neutralization MICRO-ELISA (Leinco Technologies, Fenton, MO, USA)) and one automated quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein-based IgG antibody assay (Abbott GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany) by testing 78 clinical samples, including several follow-up samples of six BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer, Mainz, Germany/New York, NY, USA) vaccinated individuals. Using the PRNT as a reference method, the overall sensitivity of the examined assays ranged from 93.8 to 100% and specificity ranged from 73.9 to 91.3%. Weighted kappa demonstrated a substantial to almost perfect agreement. The findings of our study allow these assays to be considered when a PRNT is not available. However, the latter still should be the preferred choice. For optimal clinical performance, the cut-off value of the TECO assay should be individually adapted.

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The Utility of Specific Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 in Laboratory Diagnosis

Cited by 28 publications

References 86 publications

Antibody kinetics to SARS-CoV-2 at 13.5 months, by disease severity

Antibody kinetics to SARS-CoV-2 at 13.5 months, by disease severity

Colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay (GICA) is an effective screening method for identifying detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies

Utility of Different Surrogate Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (sELISAs) for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies

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