The Using of Concrete Wash Water from Ready Mixed Concrete Plants in Cement Systems

Vaičiukynienė, Danutė; Kantautas, Aras; Tučkutė, Simona; Manhanga, Fallon Clare; Janavičius, Eugenijus; Ivanauskas, Ernestas; Rudžionis, Žymantas; Gaudutis, Aloyzas

doi:10.3390/ma14102483

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The concentra- tions were far below the standard. Accordingly, other studies related to washed concrete wastewater also measured the concentration of heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, copper, zinc, chromium, and lead in the wastewater (Ciawi et al, 2022;Mohamed et al, 2015b;Vaičiukynienė et al, 2021). With the exception of chromium and lead, the concentration of most heavy metals from the aforementioned studies was also low, which is similar to the obtained result of this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Wastewater Characterization and pH Neutralizing Effect of Adsorbents: A Case Study of Washed Concrete Wastewater from a Ready-Mix Plant

Adhin Harum Wulaningtyas,

Ni Nyoman Nepi Marleni

2023

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This study aims to characterize washed concrete wastewater and examine the effectiveness of three different adsorbents in reducing its high alkalinity and metal contents. It is important to note that proper treatment is essential before discharging wastewater into water bodies to prevent any negative impact on the environment. Therefore, in this study, an adsorption scenario was conducted to obtain optimum treatment for washed concrete wastewater. The objectives of this study are as follows (1) to determine the typical characteristics of washed concrete wastewater based on the parameters outlined in the Regulation of the Ministry of Environment of Indonesia No 5 of 2014 and (2) to assess the performance of different adsorbents. Three wastewater samples were obtained from a ready-mix plant and then tested in the laboratory. The initial test was conducted to identify influent characteristics, and from this test, it was found that only the pH level exceeded the specified standard. Following this, the study then assessed the ability of three adsorbents to reduce the pH level in washed concrete wastewater using the batch test in Duplo. The pH level was measured at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 24 hours. The three adsorbents tested were activated carbon, clay brick, and dried domestic sewage sludge. The result shows that dried domestic sewage sludge was the most effective at reducing alkaline wastewater due to its acidic pH. Therefore, it has the potential to replace other commercial adsorbents and reduce the problem of sludge disposal. Further research on this material is recommended, such as evaluating its performance in a more solid form, such as brick, and assessing its contamination potential.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Wastewater Characterization and pH Neutralizing Effect of Adsorbents: A Case Study of Washed Concrete Wastewater from a Ready-Mix Plant

Adhin Harum Wulaningtyas,

Ni Nyoman Nepi Marleni

2023

jcef

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“…These small endothermic peaks are observed in the specimen with phosphogypsum (P7 and P10). The endothermic peaks at about 350 °C and 375 °C are related to the dehydration of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate [ 27 ]. The endothermic peaks in the temperature range of 417–418 °C are due to the dehydration of Ca(OH) 2 [ 28 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Alkali-Activated Porous Concrete Composition from Slag Waste

et al. 2023

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In this paper, a porous alkali-activated slag concrete was developed that can be used in the construction sector as a sustainable building material and potentially as an alternative to the aerated concrete products currently on the market. Ferrous slag from the metallurgical industry (Finland) and phosphogypsum from a fertilizer plant (Lithuania) were used as precursors in alkali-activated systems. The addition of hydrogen peroxide and phosphogypsum led to positive changes in the final properties of the test material. Porous concrete based on alkali-activated slag was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The compressive strength, density, thermal conductivity and porosity of the hardened specimens were evaluated as well. Research is being conducted with the material in question to create a cheap, particularly low-energy demanding building material. This material must have suitable mechanical properties for the structure and, at the same time, suitable thermal conductivity properties. It was determined that this porous concrete had compressive strength in the range of 2.12–7.95 MPa, density from 830 kg/m3 to 1142 kg/m3, and thermal conductivity in the range of 0.0985–0.2618 W/(m·K). The results indicate that the recommended content of phosphogypsum in alkali-activated material is 3–5% due to the optimal distribution of the mechanical and thermal properties and the conductivity. Alkali-activated slag and phosphogypsum material can be used in the manufacture of low-strength insulation blocks and to protect structures from the effects of high temperatures.

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“…When using water with TDS 15,000 ppm produce compressive strength lower than control but still meet the requirement by ASTM C191-18a. This may be due to pore filling properties of TDS (Aldossary et al, 2020, Zervaki et al, 2013, Vaičiukynienė et al, 2021, which produced higher compressive strength at 3 and 7 days, but about 92% of control (de Matos et al, 2020), higher than control before three months old and similar to control thereafter (Gupta et al, 2020, Klus et al, 2019. Other properties such as workability, initial setting time were reduced but still within the acceptable limit, which may be due to the presence of Cl ion in TDS (Aldossary et al, 2020, Zervaki et al, 2013, Bouaich et al, 2021.…”

Section: Introduction 11 Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Mixer Truck Wash Water of a Ready-mix Concrete Batching Plant Using a Low Cost Modified Sand Filter

2022

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ABSTRAK Pembangunan infrastruktur dan perumahan membutuhkan beton dalam jumlah besar, yang sebagian dipasok oleh pabrik beton siap pakai. Tingginya kebutuhan air dan produksi air limbah oleh industri ini menyebabkan masalah lingkungan yang signifikan. Sebuah pabrik beton di Bali mengolah air limbahnya dengan lima kolam sedimentasi sederhana yang dilengkapi dengan saringan ijuk antar kolam dan kemudian air hasil olahan dibuang ke hutan bakau di sekitarnya. Meskipun nilai Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) telah diturunkan dari 316,149 mg/L menjadi 146 mg/L, air limbah ini masih berpotensi merusak biota hutan bakau. Padahal, air bisa didaur ulang untuk membersihkan peralatan atau bahkan menjadi air proses. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang proses pengolahan yang sederhana dan murah beserta peralatannya. Air limbah yang berasal dari bak pengendapan di pabrik beton siap pakai diolah di laboratorium menggunakan tawas tetapi hasilnya tidak memuaskan sehingga dipilih metode fisika dengan menggunakan kolam sedimentasi dan saringan pasir lambat yang dimodifikasi, dan berhasil menurunkan nilai COD sebesar 82,83% pada pH 12,27 dan mendaur ulang 84% air limbah atau 26,7% kebutuhan air total industri ini. Kata kunci: pengolahan air limbah, beton siap pakai, desain bangunan, daur ulang air ABSTRACT Infrastructure and housing developments require vast quantities of concrete, which are supplied by the ready-mix concrete (RMC) batching plant. This industry's high water demand and wastewater generation have caused significant environmental problems. An RMC batching plant in the southern part of Bali produces liquid waste, which is disposed of into the surrounding mangrove forests after being treated using five sequential unlined wash water ponds and palm fibre. Although the COD value has been decreased from 316.149 mg/L of untreated wastewater to 146 mg/L after treatment, this still has the potential to harm the mangrove biota. On the other hand, the water can still be reclaimed for cleaning purposes or even incorporated into process water. The work aims to design a low cost and simple wastewater recycling process and equipment. Wastewater was collected from the existing settling basin at the RMC batching plant and treated in the laboratory. It was found that the chemical treatment of wastewater using alum did not produce satisfactory results; therefore, a physical method was chosen by employing a sedimentation pond and a modified slow sand filter. It removed 82.83% of the COD at pH 12.270 and reclaimed 84% wash water or 26.7% of total water needed for this industry. Keywords: wastewater treatment, ready-mix concrete, building design, water recycles

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The Using of Concrete Wash Water from Ready Mixed Concrete Plants in Cement Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Wastewater Characterization and pH Neutralizing Effect of Adsorbents: A Case Study of Washed Concrete Wastewater from a Ready-Mix Plant

Wastewater Characterization and pH Neutralizing Effect of Adsorbents: A Case Study of Washed Concrete Wastewater from a Ready-Mix Plant

Development of Alkali-Activated Porous Concrete Composition from Slag Waste

Treatment of Mixer Truck Wash Water of a Ready-mix Concrete Batching Plant Using a Low Cost Modified Sand Filter

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