The use of trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes in rubella hemagglutination-inhibition test

Iwakata, S.; Morrissey, L. P.; Rhodes, Andrew; Labzoffsky, N. A.

doi:10.1007/bf01242878

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Finally, we have shown that erythrocytes can be trypsinised, stored for periods of up to 30 days in Alsever's solution, and used in the HAI test without any significant loss in sensitivity or specificity. Iwakata et al (1974) also found this for periods of up to 15 days, although they did not study the effect of storage for more prolonged periods. Prolonged storage makes the technique extremely practicable and avoids the need for erythrocytes to be freshly trypsinised every time a test is conducted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A slight modification of the method described by Iwakata et al (1974) was followed. Fresh or recently collected human group 0 positive blood was obtained from volunteers or blood donors.…”

Section: Preparation Of Trypsin-treated Human Group 0 Erythrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in most developing countries, such as Kuwait, a continuous supply of day-old chick cells from a commercial source is not usually available, and the use of this technique for such purposes is therefore limited. Quirin et al (1972) and Iwakata et al (1974) provided preliminary data, which suggested that day-old chick erythrocytes could effectively be replaced by trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes in the HAI method without affecting the sensitivity or specificity of the test. This encouraged us to investigate this possibility further, and in this paper we report our results.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Detection of rubella haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) and virus-specific IgM antibody using trypsin-treated human group O erythrocytes in the HAI test.

Al‐Nakib¹,

Lilley²

1978

J Clin Pathol

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SUMMARY The modification of the standard rubella haemagglutination-inhibition (HAl) test using trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes instead of chick erythrocytes was evaluated. In a comparative study we found that, of 816 samples tested by both methods, the titres of 807 (98-9 %) sera were in close agreement within an acceptable twofold difference. Trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes usually provided titres that were twofold higher than those obtained with chick erythrocytes. In general, a very good correlation between the two methods was obtained. Data are presented that emphasise the importance of trypsin treatment of human group 0 erythrocytes before use in the HAI method. Furthermore, we found that trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes can be stored for periods of up to 30 days and used in the HAI test without any appreciable loss of sensitivity or specificity. Moreover, we replaced chick erythrocytes with trypsintreated human group 0 erythrocytes in the sucrose density gradient/HAl method used for the detection of rubella virus-specific IgM and found it to be a very satisfactory method. In view of these findings we recommend that trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes should replace chick erythrocytes in the standard rubella HAl test since the former provided not only a more sensitive, more economic, and less time-consuming method but also a technique which is as specific as that using chick erythrocytes.The rubella haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) test using day-old chick erythrocytes is the most widely used technique for both diagnostic and epidemiological studies on rubella. However, in most developing countries, such as Kuwait, a continuous supply of day-old chick cells from a commercial source is not usually available, and the use of this technique for such purposes is therefore limited.Quirin et al. (1972) andIwakata et al. (1974) provided preliminary data, which suggested that day-old chick erythrocytes could effectively be replaced by trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes in the HAI method without affecting the sensitivity or specificity of the test. This encouraged us to investigate this possibility further, and in this paper we report our results. Furthermore, we have extended our investigation to show that trypsin-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A slight modification of the method described by Iwakata et al (1974) was followed. Fresh or recently collected human group 0 positive blood was obtained from volunteers or blood donors.…”

Section: Preparation Of Trypsin-treated Human Group 0 Erythrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of rubella haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) and virus-specific IgM antibody using trypsin-treated human group O erythrocytes in the HAI test.

Al‐Nakib¹,

Lilley²

1978

J Clin Pathol

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“…H u m a n group O erythroeytes were treated with trypsin (Trypsin 2000 E/gE., Merck AG. Darmstadt, West Germany) (4).…”

Section: Hemagglutination ( H a ) And Hemagglutination-inhibition ( Hmentioning

confidence: 98%

Isolation and characterization of a new rubella variant with DNA polymerase activity

Sato

Urade

Maeda

et al. 1978

Archives of Virology

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A rubella variant (HPV-RV) was isolated from high passage rubella virus preparations propagated at 37 degrees C in baby hamster kidney BHK21/WI-2 cells. HPV-RV formed clear plaques in HeLa cells and primary cells of the Rhesus monkey kidney although wild type rubella virus did not produce plaques in these cells. Cells persistently infected with rubella virus were insensitive to infection by HPV-RV at both 34 degrees and 39.5 degrees C. HPV-RV agglutinated one day old chick, human group O and sheep erythrocytes. This hemagglutinating activity was inhibited by anti-BHK latent virus serum but not by anti-rubella virus serum. The plaque forming ability of HPV-RV was neutralized by anti-BHK latent virus serum although the same antiserum did not affect the plaque forming ability of wild type rubella virus. Furthermore, HPV-RV was found to have the complement fixation antigen of rubella virus and DNA polymerase activity. From these findings, it is concluded that HPV-RV is a hybrid between rubella virus and a latent virus of BHK21/WI-2 cells.

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“…Following addition of 4-8 units of rubella HA antigen to serum dilutions, plates were incubated for one hour at room temperature. 0.025% trypsintreated human 0 erythrocytes were then added and plates incubated for one hour at 37°C [Iwakata et al, 1974;Quirin et al, 19721.…”

Section: Ha1 Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella immunity by four different techniques: results of challenge studies

Best

Harcourt

Druce

et al. 1980

Journal of Medical Virology

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When 42 sera with low or inconsistent levels of haemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibodies were tested by single radial haemolysis (SRH) radioimmunoassay (RIA), and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), RIA was shown to be the most reliable test for detecting low levels of antibody. SRH, however, was found to be an acceptable alternative screening test for rubella antibodies and was more reliable than HAI. Although SRH plates prepared in our own laboratory failed to detect antibodies in six sera, in five of the six, antibodies were only at a low level (RIA titre 1:20-1:80). OriVir plates (Orion Diagnostica, Finland) failed to detect low levels of antibody in only three sera. There were six (14.3%) sera which were false positives in the HAI test. These women were shown to be seronegative by radioimmunoassay and, when three of these six volunteers were vaccinated, they developed a typical primary immune response which resembled that developed by 43 seronegative women following vaccination. Fifteen of the young women with consistently low HAI titres and one woman who was seronegative by HAI but seropositive by RIA and ELISA were subsequently vaccinated. Six (37.5%) of these women showed no significant rise in titre by any of the tests employed, while ten had a significant rise in titre, detected by at least one test, with a low level of rubella-specific IgM detectable in one.

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The use of trypsin-treated human group 0 erythrocytes in rubella hemagglutination-inhibition test

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Detection of rubella haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) and virus-specific IgM antibody using trypsin-treated human group O erythrocytes in the HAI test.

Detection of rubella haemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) and virus-specific IgM antibody using trypsin-treated human group O erythrocytes in the HAI test.

Isolation and characterization of a new rubella variant with DNA polymerase activity

Rubella immunity by four different techniques: results of challenge studies

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