The use of soil amendments for the control of basal stem rot of oil-palm seedlings.

Abstract

This chapter presents the results of a study on the effects of calcium nitrate as a prophylactic measure against basal stem rot (BSR; Ganoderma) on oil palm seedlings. Treatments comprised: 5.0 or 7.5 g CaNO3/seedling starting at either one month before inoculation or one day after inoculation, control, and 60-g preparation of Trichoderma applied one day after inoculation. Calcium nitrate applications were continued at monthly intervals over a period of 6 months, while the antagonistic fungus was applied only once. The BSR incidence in pot-grown oil palms was suppressed significantly upon treatment with calcium nitrate one month prior to inoculation. Soil augmentation with Trichoderma one day after inoculation did not control the BSR incidence significantly. The role of calcium in reducing BSR incidence is hypothesized as that of stabilizing and strengthening the cell walls of the oil palm seedlings and stimulating the proliferation of antagonistic fungi that will compete for space and nutrients.

Effect of formulated bioorganic containing Burkholderia GanoEB2 in suppressing Ganoderma disease in oil palm seedlings

“…(number of seedlings infected/total number of seedlings assessed) × 100 SFS (%) was assessed according to Sariah and Zakaria (2000):…”

EFFECT OF MICRONUTRIENTS-ENRICHED FERTILIZERS ON BASAL STEM ROT DISEASE INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY ON OIL PALM (<i>ELAEIS GUINEENSIS</i> JACQ.) SEEDLINGS

“…From these data, the Severity of Foliar Symptoms (%SFS), the Disease Incidence (DI) and the Disease Severity Index (DSI) were assessed. The severity of foliar symptoms for each seedling was calculated by the following formula (Sariah and Zakaria, 2000):…”

“…The use of a balanced chemical fertilizer, namely N, P and K (Mohd Tayeb and Hamdan, 1999;Mohd Tayeb et al, 2003) and manual application of calcium nitrate (Sariah and Zakaria, 2000;Flood and Hasan, 2004) have also been investigated.…”

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Fungitoxicity of Syringic Acid, Caffeic Acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic Acid against Ganoderma Boninense

“…There is currently no effective cure for G. boninense infection in an existing stand. Preventive and ameliorative treatments which are commonly carried out show various degrees of effectiveness (Sariah and Zakaria, 2000). Determination of total phenolic content in G. boninense infected and healthy oil palm roots showed susceptible palm roots at week four had low phenolic content, whereas week one had high phenolic content.…”