The Use of Small Field‐of‐view 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Identification of Articular Cartilage Defects in the Canine Stifle: An Ex Vivo Cadaveric Study

Ruoff, Catherine M.; Eichelberger, Bunita M.; Pool, Roy R.; Griffin, John F.; Cummings, Kevin J.; Pozzi, Antonio; Padua, Abraham; Saunders, W. B.

doi:10.1111/vru.12420

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The presence of gas due to vacuum phenomenon is well known in disc degeneration and can be helpful in identifying degenerated intervertebral discs . Water selective cartilage sequence (brand‐specific) is a less common MRI sequence that was previously reported to be excellent for cartilage evaluation . Equivalent sequences exist in other high‐field MRI systems and are known as fat saturated three‐dimensional T1‐weighted fast field echo, or fast‐low angle shot.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Water selective cartilage sequence (brand-specific) is a less common MRI sequence that was previously reported to be excellent for cartilage evaluation. 31 Equivalent sequences exist in other high-field MRI systems and are known as fat saturated three-dimensional T1-weighted fast field echo, or fastlow angle shot. Water selective cartilage provided good means to evaluate the intervertebral disc cartilaginous endplate, a structure thought to play a crucial role in nutrient transport to the intervertebral disc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Equine cervical intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with location and MRI features

Veraa

Bergmann

Wijnberg

et al. 2019

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Morphology of the equine cervical intervertebral disc is different from that in humans and small companion animals and published imaging data are scarcely available. The objectives of this exploratory, methods comparison study were (a) to describe MRI features of macroscopically nondegenerated and degenerated intervertebral discs (b) to test associations between spinal location and macroscopic degeneration or MRI‐detected annular protrusion and between MRI‐detected annular protrusion and macroscopic degeneration, and (c) to define MRI sequences for characterizing equine cervical intervertebral disc degeneration. Ex vivo MRI of intervertebral discs was performed in 11 horses with clinical signs related to the cervical region prior to macroscopic assessment. Mixed‐effect logistic regression modeling included spinal location, MRI‐detected annular protrusion, and presence of macroscopic degeneration with “horse” as random effect. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were determined. Reduced signal intensity in proton density turbo SE represented intervertebral disc degeneration. Signal voids due to presence of gas and/or hemorrhage were seen in gradient echo sequences. Presence of macroscopic intervertebral disc degeneration was significantly associated with spinal location with odds being higher in the caudal (C5 to T1) versus cranial (C2 to C5) part of the cervical vertebral column. Intervertebral discs with MRI‐detected annular protrusion grades 2‐4 did have higher odds than with grade 1 to have macroscopic degeneration. It was concluded that MRI findings corresponded well with gross macroscopic data. Magnetic resonance imaging of the equine cervical intervertebral disc seems to be a promising technique, but its potential clinical value for live horses needs to be explored further in a larger and more diverse population of horses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine cervical intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with location and MRI features

Veraa

Bergmann

Wijnberg

et al. 2019

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Sagittal plane images were selected because they were most visible for articular cartilage among the other planes. 4 The appearance of articular cartilage on MRI varies depending on the joint and location in humans. 23 Articular cartilage is defined as an area of intermediate SI using a 1.5-T MRI of human proximal tibial articular cartilage 22 or a three-layer appearance, which has a thin low signal intensity at the surface layer, a higher signal intensity transitional layer, and a low signal intensity deep layer abutting the subchondral bone, using a 7-T MRI of human tibial plateaus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, compositional imaging techniques using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been developed to assess the biochemical composition of articular cartilage 1 without performing a destructive retrieval analysis. Among these imaging techniques, delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) 2,3 and T2 mapping 3,4 appear to be applicable methods for compositional imaging of animal articular cartilage. 3 Articular cartilage contains chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix comprised primarily of collagen fibres, proteoglycans and water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T2 mapping can distinguish degenerate cartilage from normal cartilage before morphological changes occur. The mean T2 relaxation times for the cartilage of the osteochondral defect regions of the femoral condyle in the canine cadavers assessed by a 3-T MRI 4 have been reported. However, the T2 relaxation times for the cartilage of normal living canine stifle joints have not yet been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of T2 Relaxation Times for Normal Canine Knee Articular Cartilage by T2 Mapping Using 1.5-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Matsui¹,

Shimizu²,

Beale³

et al. 2017

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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This study aims to assess and compare the T2 relaxation times for articular cartilage of normal canine stifle joints in four regions by T2 mapping using a 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). prospective study: 20 hindlimbs (left and right) from 10 normal healthy beagle dogs ( = 20). The region of interest (ROI) was subdivided into medial and lateral condyles of femoral cartilage (MF and LF, respectively) and medial and lateral condyles of tibial cartilage (MT and LT, respectively). The T2 relaxation times were assessed in regions where the cartilage thickness was greater than 0.5 mm. The median maximum cartilage thickness (mm) of the four ROI were 0.7 (range: 0.9-0.6), 0.6 (range: 0.7-0.5), 0.7 (range: 0.9-0.5) and 0.6 (range: 0.8-0.5) at MF, LF, MT and LT, respectively. The errors in the measurement (%) of the four ROI were 64.3 (range: 50.0-75.0), 75.0 (range: 64.3-90.0), 64.3 (range: 20.0-90.0) and 75.0 (range: 56.3-90.0) at MF, LF, MT and LT, respectively. The median T2 relaxation times (ms) for the articular cartilage of the four ROI were 70.2 (range: 57.9-87.9), 57.5 (range: 46.8-66.9), 65.0 (range: 52.0-92.0) and 57.0 (range: 49.0-66.2) at MF, LF, MT and LT, respectively. The inter-observer correlation coefficient (ICC, 2.1) for the T2 relaxation times of MF was 0.644. This study offers useful information on T2 relaxation times for articular cartilage of the stifle joint using a 1.5-T MRI in normal dogs.

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Radiographic prediction of lunate morphology in Asians using plain radiographic and capitate-triquetrum distance analyses: reliability and compatibility with magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) findings

Park

Kang

Choi

et al. 2019

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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Background The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of plain radiographic methods of determining the lunate type and its compatibility with magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) findings. Methods Plain radiographs of a total of 150 wrists were reviewed by three observers. Lunate types were evaluated using both conventional posteroanterior (PA) radiographic analysis and the capitate-triquetrum distance (CTD) analysis. Cohen kappa and Fleiss kappa statistics were used to estimate intra- and inter-observer reliabilities. Compatibility with the MRA findings, as assessed by each observer, was investigated. Results The overall intra-observer reliability was 0.517 for the analysis and 0.589 for the CTD analysis. The overall inter-observer agreement was 0.448 for the PA radiographic analysis and 0.581 for the CTD analysis. The PA radiographic analysis and MRA findings for the detection of medial lunate facets were compatible in 119 of the 150 patients (79.3%). Twenty-eight (90.3%) of the 31 incompatible wrists had a medial facet on MRA (Type II), which was not detected in the PA radiographic analysis. In the CTD analysis, the results for 27 of 29 Type II lunates (93.1%) and 39 of 45 Type I lunates (86.7%) were compatible with the MRA. Conclusions This study suggests that predicting the lunate type by plain radiographs alone is insufficient, as both radiographic analyses showed moderate intra- and inter-observer reliabilities. Although both radiographic analyses showed good compatibility with the MRA for Type II lunates, clinicians should be alert to undetected medial facets in Type I lunates on PA radiographic analysis.

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The Use of Small Field‐of‐view 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Identification of Articular Cartilage Defects in the Canine Stifle: An Ex Vivo Cadaveric Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Equine cervical intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with location and MRI features

Equine cervical intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with location and MRI features

Assessment of T2 Relaxation Times for Normal Canine Knee Articular Cartilage by T2 Mapping Using 1.5-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Radiographic prediction of lunate morphology in Asians using plain radiographic and capitate-triquetrum distance analyses: reliability and compatibility with magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) findings

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