The use of silicon and mycorrhizal fungi to mitigate changes in licorice leaf micromorphology, chlorophyll fluorescence, and rutin content under water-deficit conditions

Haghighi, Tahereh Movahhed; Saharkhiz, Mohammad Jamal; Ramezanian, Asghar; Zarei, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107662

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Earlier studies indicated that Si deposition beneath the cuticle may decrease cuticular transpiration and thus reduce water loss [ 27 ]. However, recently, most researchers observed that Si addition increased the plant transpirational rate and led to better stomatal structures under water deficit due to enhanced root water uptake and/or transport [ 16 , 28 , 29 ]. In the present work, the results were consistent with the point that Si may be mediated by root water absorption and transport, maintaining water balance in response to water stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Foliar Supplementation of Silicon on Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Winter Wheat to Drought Stress during Different Growth Stages

Ning

Zhang

et al. 2023

Plants

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Drought is one of the major environmental stresses, resulting in serious yield reductions in wheat production. Silicon (Si) has been considered beneficial to enhancing wheat resistance to drought stress. However, few studies have explored the mediated effects of foliar supplementation of Si on drought stress imposed at different wheat growth stages. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of Si supplementation on the physiological and biochemical responses of wheat to drought stress imposed at the jointing (D-jointing), anthesis (D-anthesis) and filling (D-filling) stages. Our results showed that a moderate water deficit markedly decreased the dry matter accumulation, leaf relative water content (LRWC), photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Sc), transpiration rate (Tr) and antioxidant activity [peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)]. On the contrary, it remarkably increased the content of osmolytes (proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein) and lipid peroxidation. The grain yields of D-jointing, D-anthesis and D-filling treatments were 9.59%, 13.9% and 18.9% lower, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). However, foliar supplementation of Si at the anthesis and filling stages significantly improved plant growth under drought stress due to the increased Si content. Consequently, the improvement in antioxidant activity and soluble sugar, and the reduction in the content of ROS, increased the LRWC, chlorophyll content, Pn, Sc and Tr, and ultimately boosted wheat yield by 5.71% and 8.9%, respectively, in comparison with the non-Si-treated plants subjected to water stress at the anthesis and filling stages. However, the mitigating effect of Si application was not significant at the jointing stage. It was concluded that foliar supplementation of Si, especially at the reproductive stage, was effective in alleviating drought-induced yield reduction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Foliar Supplementation of Silicon on Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Winter Wheat to Drought Stress during Different Growth Stages

Ning

Zhang

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Our studies corroborate the findings of various researchers regarding Si’s positive role in mitigating drought stress by improving chlorophyll content and water use efficiency, while also protecting photosynthetic machinery from ROS. Additionally, it interacts with other physiological processes such as the absorption of macro and micronutrients and phytohormones, which also influence photosynthetic activity [ 55 , 60 – 66 ]. Silicon demonstrated the capability to maintain irregular swelling and disintegrated thylakoid and chloroplast membranes [ 25 , 52 ], altered stomatal aperture that influences the water uptake and water use efficiency [ 64 , 67 ] and regulated the expression of photosynthetic genes ( PsbY, PsaH, PetC, PetH, Os09g26810, PetF, PsbP, PsbQ, PsbW and Psb28) in plants during stress conditions, thus contributing to the efficient photosynthetic process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silicon protects photosynthetic machinery and enhances chlorophyll fluorescence/gas exchange parameters such as maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), basal quantum yield ( Fv/Fo ), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (ΦPII), net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr) and photosynthetic enzymes such as RuBP carboxylase and PEP carboxylase [ 18 , 52 – 55 ]. Silicon upregulated genes encoding PS I and PSII core proteins (PsbH, PsbB, PsbP, PsbQ, PsbW, Psb28 and PsbD) in heat-stressed wheat plants and drought-stressed tomato plants and maintained photosynthetic electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical efficiency [ 56 , 57 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel insights into the mechanism(s) of silicon-induced drought stress tolerance in lentil plants revealed by RNA sequencing analysis

Biju,

Fuentes,

Gupta

2023

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Lentil is an essential cool-season food legume that offers several benefits in human nutrition and cropping systems. Drought stress is the major environmental constraint affecting lentil plants’ growth and productivity by altering various morphological, physiological, and biochemical traits. Our previous research provided physiological and biochemical evidence showing the role of silicon (Si) in alleviating drought stress in lentil plants, while the molecular mechanisms are still unidentified. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of Si-mediated drought stress tolerance can provide fundamental information to enhance our knowledge of essential gene functions and pathways modulated by Si during drought stress in plants. Thus, the present study compared the transcriptomic characteristics of two lentil genotypes (drought tolerant-ILL6002; drought sensitive-ILL7537) under drought stress and investigated the gene expression in response to Si supplementation using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Results This study identified 7164 and 5576 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from drought-stressed lentil genotypes (ILL 6002 and ILL 7537, respectively), with Si treatment. RNA sequencing results showed that Si supplementation could alter the expression of genes related to photosynthesis, osmoprotection, antioxidant systems and signal transduction in both genotypes under drought stress. Furthermore, these DEGs from both genotypes were found to be associated with the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. The identified DEGs were also linked to cell wall biosynthesis and vasculature development. Results suggested that Si modulated the dynamics of biosynthesis of alkaloids and flavonoids and their metabolism in drought-stressed lentil genotypes. Drought-recovery-related DEGs identified from both genotypes validated the role of Si as a drought stress alleviator. This study identified different possible defense-related responses mediated by Si in response to drought stress in lentil plants including cellular redox homeostasis by reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell wall reinforcement by the deposition of cellulose, lignin, xyloglucan, chitin and xylan, secondary metabolites production, osmotic adjustment and stomatal closure. Conclusion Overall, the results suggested that a coordinated interplay between various metabolic pathways is required for Si to induce drought tolerance. This study identified potential genes and different defence mechanisms involved in Si-induced drought stress tolerance in lentil plants. Si supplementation altered various metabolic functions like photosynthesis, antioxidant defence system, osmotic balance, hormonal biosynthesis, signalling, amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids under drought stress. These novel findings validated the role of Si in drought stress mitigation and have also provided an opportunity to enhance our understanding at the genomic level of Si’s role in alleviating drought stress in plants.

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“…Based on the path analysis, leaf tissue density had a highly significant negative effect on chlorophylls ( a , b, and total). This may be due to increases in CO 2 diffusion caused by lower leaf tissue density which increases the photosynthesis efficiency 37 , 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive model for predicting the development of defense system of Capparis spinosa L.: a novel approach to assess the physiological indices

Afzali,

Sadeghi,

Taban

2023

Sci Rep

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Capparisspinosa L. (caper) is a halophytic plant that grows in semi-arid or arid environments. The current study used an integrated experimental and computational approach to investigate the network of inter-correlated effective variables on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, and photosynthetic pigments in stressed caper. To investigate the possible relationships among intercorrelated variables and understand the possible mechanisms, predictive regression modelling, principal component analysis (PCA), Pearson's correlation, and path analysis were implemented. PCA successfully discerned different salt ratio- and drought-specific effects in data in the current study, and treatments with higher growth indices are easily recognizable. Different salt ratios did not have a significant effect on the activity of four antioxidant enzymes, proline and photosynthesis pigments content of caper. While at the mean level, the activity of four antioxidant enzymes of SOD, POD, CAT, and APX significantly increased under drought stress by 54.0%, 71.2%, 79.4%, and 117.6%, respectively, compared to 100% FC. The drought stress also significantly increased the content of carotemoid (29.3%) and proline (by 117.7%). Predictive equation models with highly significant R2 were developed for the estimation of antioxidant enzyme activity and proline content (> 0.94) as well as pigments (> 0.58) were developed. Path analysis studies revealed that proline is the most important regressor in four antioxidant enzyme activities, while leaf tissue density was the most effective variable in the case of chlorophylls. Furthermore, the network of intercorrelated variables demonstrated a close relationship between caper's antioxidant defence system, pigments, and morphological parameters under stress conditions. The findings of this study will be a useful guide to caper producers as well as plant ecophysiological researchers.

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The use of silicon and mycorrhizal fungi to mitigate changes in licorice leaf micromorphology, chlorophyll fluorescence, and rutin content under water-deficit conditions

Cited by 5 publications

References 67 publications

The Effects of Foliar Supplementation of Silicon on Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Winter Wheat to Drought Stress during Different Growth Stages

The Effects of Foliar Supplementation of Silicon on Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Winter Wheat to Drought Stress during Different Growth Stages

Novel insights into the mechanism(s) of silicon-induced drought stress tolerance in lentil plants revealed by RNA sequencing analysis

A comprehensive model for predicting the development of defense system of Capparis spinosa L.: a novel approach to assess the physiological indices

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