The use of Runoff and Surface Water Transport and Fate Models in the Pesticide Registration Process

Zubkoff, Paul L.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00036149

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…Although the EPA does sometimes require field‐scale experimental trials, it does so infrequently because of the high cost, uniqueness, and lack of generalizability of each experimental setting, and the variability of weather conditions. Instead, retrospective data collected from monitoring stations on streams and rivers and in groundwater are used in computer simulation models to estimate future ambient concentrations in water [14,15].…”

Section: Use Of Models In Policy Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling for Health Care and Other Policy Decisions: Uses, Roles, and Validity

Weinstein¹,

Toy²,

Sandberg³

et al. 2001

Value in Health

171

135

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The role of models to support recommendations on the cost-effective use of medical technologies and pharmaceuticals is controversial. At the heart of the controversy is the degree to which experimental or other empirical evidence should be required prior to model use. The controversy stems in part from a misconception that the role of models is to establish truth rather than to guide clinical and policy decisions. In other domains of public policy that involve human life and health, such as environmental protection and defense strategy, models are generally accepted as decision aids, and many models have been formally incorporated into regulatory processes and governmental decision making. We formulate an analytical framework for evaluating the role of models as aids to decision making. Implications for the implementation of Section 114 of the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act (FDAMA) are derived from this framework.

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Section: Use Of Models In Policy Decision Makingmentioning

confidence: 99%