The use of reference materials in the fossil fuels quality control

Bettinelli, M.; Spezia, S.; Baroni, U.; Bizzarri, G.

doi:10.1007/bf01244395

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, it is interesting to note that the results are in good agreement with those referred in the literature (Table 5) using a batch or flow-injection method [29][30][31].…”

Section: Analysis Of As Sb and Bi In Steel Samplessupporting

confidence: 80%

“…If blank contamination is not a limiting factor, the relative concentration detection limits could presumably further be improved by pumping [29] 180$2 4 6 $ 3 5 $ 0.5 FI-HG-QT [31] 202$4 4 5 $ 0.5 5.7$0.08 Quartz tube [30] 190 40 5 larger sample volumes, but that aspect was not investigated in this context. The precision of the determination of As, Sb and Bi using Zr-coated tubes was better than 3%, 2% and 3%, respectively, on the 1 ng mL\ level.…”

Section: Detection Limit and Precisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the automated determination of As, Sb and Bi by flow-injection hydride generation using in-situ trapping on stable coatings in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Haug¹,

Liao

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Flow-injection hydride generation and in situ concentration of As, Sb and Bi hydrides in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry can be automated by means of a long-term stable trapping reagent replacing the Pd modifier. In a systematic study, carbide-forming elements (Zr, Nb, Ta, W) and noble metals (Ir, Ir/Mg, Pd/Ir) were investigated as stable adsorbers which require only a single application. Trapping temperature curves indicate high signals for trapping of As at 750-800 degrees C, Sb at 450-8000 degrees C and Bi at 100-500 degrees C on Zr-coated tubes. Ir- and Ir/Mg-coated tubes showed a high response for Sb and Bi at lower temperatures, but based on signal stability and reproducibility (over 400 trapping and atomization cycles tested) the better performance was found with the Zr-coated tubes. The radiotracers Sb-125 and Bi-207 were used to measure the hydride generation (>95% for both elements) and trapping efficiency (91% for Sb and 56% for Bi) on the Zr-coated tube. An adsorptive "carry-over effect" was observed with Sb and Bi but not with As, and trapping temperatures above 450 degrees C with Sb and 350 degrees C with Bi (the "critical temperatures") can lead to errors in absorbance values. On a Zr-coated tube the characteristic mass was about 16 pg for As, 15 pg for Sb and 9 pg for Bi (peak height) and the detection limits (3 sigma) were about 0.015, 0.010 and 0.027 ng, respectively, with a 1 ml sample loop. The method was tested by the determination of the elements in NIST low-alloy steel certified reference materials.

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“…However, it is interesting to note that the results are in good agreement with those referred in the literature (Table 5) using a batch or flow-injection method [29][30][31].…”

Section: Analysis Of As Sb and Bi In Steel Samplessupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Detection Limit and Precisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the automated determination of As, Sb and Bi by flow-injection hydride generation using in-situ trapping on stable coatings in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Haug¹,

Liao

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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“…Another microwave decomposition method, including hydrofluoric acid in the reagent mixture, was tested in order to achieve a complete dissolution of the humus sample [18,19]. With Method 2 the decomposition is carried out in four stages.…”

Section: Decomposition Of Humus and Moss Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a microwave sample preparation method for the determination of arsenic in humus and moss samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Perämäki

Pesonen

Piispanen³

2000

Analusis

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Abstract. Two sample decomposition methods were optimized for the determination of arsenic by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) in moss and humus samples. In the first method, 5,0 ml of HNO 3 and 3,0 ml of H 2 O 2 were used for the decomposition of 500 mg of sample. When humus samples were decomposed in this way a slight, undissolved residue remained. Therefore, another sample decomposition method, including hydrofluoric acid, was also tested (5,0 ml HNO 3 ; 3,0 ml H 2 O 2 ; 0,4 ml HF; 2,5 ml H 3 BO 3 ). Pyrolytically coated graphite tubes, equipped with integrated or L´vov platfoms, were used in the determination of arsenic by GFAAS. Palladium-magnesium nitrate was used as a matrix modifier. Several reference materials (e.g. humus, moss, lichen, sea lettuce) were analyzed.

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“…b. Wet digestion: The procedure was carried out as described by Bettinelli et al (1996), by weighing approximately 0.5 g of biodiesel, 18 mL of concentrated HNO 3 dist, and 12 mL of H 2 O 2 and V 2 O 5 catalyst. The mixture was allowed to rest for 24 h, after which it was processed in a focused microwave system (Rapid digestion System SPEX) for 1 hour (Liu et al, 1995).…”

Section: Preparation Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%