The use of radiology in the Japanese tsunami DVI process

Role of forensic odontology in the identification of victims of major mass disasters across the world: A systematic review

“…Ultimately, 19 articles (20 MDs) that met the inclusion criteria were selected for the study. The summary of the victim identification methods used in these 20 MDs [ 7 – 25 ] is shown in Table 2 and the details of each MD are presented in Table 3 .…”

“…Of the included disasters (20), 12 (57.14%) were accidental [ 8 , 11 – 14 , 16 , 20 – 24 ], 5 (23.80%) were natural [ 6 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 25 ] and 3 (19.04%) were criminal [ 9 , 10 , 17 ]. The twelve accidental MDs included airplane crashes [ 12 – 15 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 24 ] (n = 7; 23.80%), ferry accidents [ 8 , 11 ] (n = 2; 9.52%), train accidents [ 12 , 23 ] (n = 2; 9.52%) and a vehicle accident [ 22 ] (n = 1; 4.76%).…”

“…The twelve accidental MDs included airplane crashes [ 12 – 15 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 24 ] (n = 7; 23.80%), ferry accidents [ 8 , 11 ] (n = 2; 9.52%), train accidents [ 12 , 23 ] (n = 2; 9.52%) and a vehicle accident [ 22 ] (n = 1; 4.76%). Of the 5 natural MDs, 2 (9.52%) were bushfires [ 5 , 16 ], 2 (9.52%) were tsunamis [ 15 , 25 ] and 1 (4.76%) was an earthquake [ 19 ]. Ten MDs (52.38%) were in Europe (Croatia [ 9 , 10 , 12 ], 4; Estonia [ 11 ], 1; France [ 13 ], 1; Germany [ 22 ], 1; Spain [ 17 , 23 ], 2; and Norway [ 8 ],1), 4 (19.04%) were in Asia (one each in Nepal [ 14 ], Thailand [ 15 ], Indonesia [ 16 ] and Japan [ 25 ]), 2 (9.52%) were in Australia [ 7 , 18 ], 2 (9.52%) were in the USA [ 20 , 21 ] and 1 (4.76%) each was in Africa (Nigeria) [ 24 ] and New Zealand [ 19 ].…”

“…Of the included MDs, the greatest number of victims was associated with the Japan tsunami [ 25 ] (15892), followed by the Thailand tsunami [ 15 ] (4280) and the Estonia ferry disaster [ 11 ] (852). The Germany vehicle accident [ 22 ] (8), the Barcelona train accident [ 23 ] (12) and the Nepal airplane crash [ 14 ] (18) were associated with the lowest numbers of victims.…”

“…All victims (100%) were identified in the Spain terrorist attack [ 15 ], the Newark air crash [ 21 ], the Barcelona train accident [ 23 ] and the Germany vehicle accident [ 22 ]. The greatest number of victims was identified from the Australian bushfire of 2009 [ 18 ] (172; 99.42%), followed by the Japan tsunami [ 25 ] (15736; 99.01%), the New Zealand earthquake [ 19 ] (177; 97.79%), the France air crash [ 13 ] (85; 97.7%), the Nigeria air crash [ 24 ] (148; 97.36%) and the Croatia air crash [ 12 ] (166; 94.31%). In contrast, lower identification rates were observed in the Indonesia air crash [ 16 ] (6; 5.7%), the Europe ferry disaster [ 11 ] (94; 11.03%) and the Australian bushfire of 1984 [ 7 ] (22; 30.55%).…”