The use of radial distribution and pair-correlation functions to analyze and describe biological aggregations

Younge, K. C.; Johnston, B; Christenson, C.; Bohara, Amit; Jacobson, Joshua; Butler, Nancy M.; Saulnier, Paul

doi:10.4319/lom.2006.4.382

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The spatial distribution pattern of objects in the system is reflected in different g(R) characteristic patterns. RDF has been used in several systems (i) analysis of the structure pattern synthetic materials; 41,42 (ii) spatial distribution of particles and cells in biology; 43,44 (iii) analysis of reinforcing particles distribution in composites. 45,46 All g(R) patterns had the common features of rising monotonically from zero at the origin and decaying to unity at a large distance.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Pore Structure of Cement Paste: Implications for Performance Enhancement

Ruan

Lin

Chen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The effect of graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets on the spatial distribution of cement paste pores has been investigated. In this study, a scheme based on the radial distribution function is developed to analyze the spatial distribution of pores in GO−cement composites. By applying the developed scheme, the addition of 0.04% GO is found to reduce the spatial inhomogeneity of pores in cement paste by around 20% at all curing ages. The test results show that the compressive strength of the cement paste sample containing GO is increased by 30−40%, indicating the negative correlation between the spatial inhomogeneity of pores and mechanical properties of GO−cement composites. Besides the spatial homogenization effect of GO on pores, pore structure refinement by GO is also found to increase the mechanical properties of cementitious materials. The findings suggest the great potential of using GO to modify cementitious materials by homogenizing the spatial distribution of pores. The spatial distribution analysis scheme presented in this study can be used for the future structure−property study of nanoengineered cementitious materials with enhanced performance.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Pore Structure of Cement Paste: Implications for Performance Enhancement

Ruan

Lin

Chen

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…3A). To quantitatively capture the impact of stroma on the proliferation of tumor cells, we used the radial distribution function (RDF), g(r), often used in the field of spatial ecology (24)(25)(26). RDF compares the average density of observed BrdU+/-tumor cells against randomly distributed BrdU+/-across different length scales from each of the stromal pixels.…”

Section: Cafs Stimulate the Proliferation Of Tnbc Cells But Provide N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paracrine enhancement of tumor cell proliferation provides indirect stroma-mediated chemoresistance via acceleration of tumor recovery between chemotherapy cycles

Marusyk

Miroshnychenko

Miti

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The ability of tumors to survive therapy is mediated not only by cell-intrinsic but also cell-extrinsic, microenvironmental mechanisms. Across many cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a high stroma/tumor ratio correlates with poor survival. In many contexts, this correlation can be explained by the direct reduction of therapy sensitivity by stroma-produced paracrine factors through activating pro-survival signaling and stemness. We sought to explore whether this direct effect contributes to the link between stroma and poor responses to chemotherapies in TNBC. Our in vitro studies with panels of TNBC cell line models and stromal isolates failed to detect a direct modulation of chemoresistance. However, we found that fibroblasts often enhance baseline tumor cell proliferation. Consistent with this in vitro observation, we found evidence of stroma enhanced TNBC cell proliferation in vivo, in xenograft models and patient samples. Based on these observations, we hypothesized an indirect link between stroma and chemoresistance, where stroma-augmented proliferation potentiates the recovery of residual tumors between chemotherapy cycles. To test this hypothesis, we developed a spatial agent-based model of tumor response to repeated dosing of chemotherapy. The model was quantitatively parameterized from histological analyses and experimental studies. We found that even a slight enhancement of tumor cell proliferation within stroma-proximal niches can strongly enhance the ability of tumors to survive multiple cycles of chemotherapy under biologically and clinically feasible parameters. In summary, our study uncovered a novel, indirect mechanism of chemoresistance. Further, our study highlights the limitations of short-term cytotoxicity assays in understanding chemotherapy responses and supports the integration of experimental and in silico modeling.

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“…Based on Fig. 4-11, the RDF is calculated according to equation (4.1) or equivalently (4.2), where dn(r) is the number of particles at a distance between r and r dr, is the a erage particle surface densit / , is the total number of the particles in the entire area of interest), and g(r) is the RDF [86,87].…”

Section: Distribution Of Polystyrene Nanobeads On Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO/Graphene Nanostructures for Electronics and Photocatalysis

Chalangar

2021

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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Recent rapid development of electronics and electro-optical devices demands affordable and reliable materials with enhanced performance. Forming nanocomposites of already well-known materials is one possible route towards novel functional materials with desirable synergistic enhanced properties. Incompatible chemical properties, mismatched crystal structures and weak bonding interactions between the substances, however, often limit the number of possible nanocomposites. Moreover, using an inexpensive, facile, large-area and flexible fabrication technique is crucial to employ the new composites in industrially viable applications.This thesis focuses on the synthesis and characterization of different zinc oxide/graphene (ZnO/GR) nanocomposites, well suited for optoelectronics and photocatalysis applications. Two different approaches of i) substrate-free random synthesis, and ii) template-assisted selective area synthesis were studied in detail. In the first approach, ZnO nanoparticles/rods were grown on GR. The obtained nanocomposites were investigated for better GR dispersity, electrical conductivity and optical properties. Besides, by adding silver iodide to the nanocomposite, an enhanced plasmonic solar-driven photocatalyst was synthesized and analyzed. In the second approach, arrays of single, vertically aligned ZnO nanorods were synthesized using a colloidal lithography-patterned sol-gel ZnO seed layer. Our demonstrated nanofabrication technique with simple, substrate independent, and large wafer-scale area compatibility improved the alignment and surface density of ZnO nanorods over large selective growth areas. Eventually, we found a novel method to further enhance the vertical alignment of the ZnO nanorods by introducing a GR buffer layer between the Si substrate and the ZnO seed layer, together with the mentioned patterning technique.The synthesized nanocomposites were analyzed using a large variety of experimental techniques including electron microscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy for in-depth studies of their morphology, chemical and optical properties. vi Our findings show that the designed ZnO/GR nanocomposites with vertically aligned ZnO nanorods of high crystalline quality, synthesized with the developed low-cost nanofabrication technique, can lead to novel devices offering higher performance at a significantly lower fabrication cost.

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The use of radial distribution and pair-correlation functions to analyze and describe biological aggregations

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Pore Structure of Cement Paste: Implications for Performance Enhancement

Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Pore Structure of Cement Paste: Implications for Performance Enhancement

Paracrine enhancement of tumor cell proliferation provides indirect stroma-mediated chemoresistance via acceleration of tumor recovery between chemotherapy cycles

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO/Graphene Nanostructures for Electronics and Photocatalysis

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