The use of Proboscidean remains in every-day Palaeolithic life

Gaudzinski, Sabine; Turner, Elaine; Anzidei, Anna Paola; Álvarez-Fernández, Esteban; Arroyo-Cabrales, Joaquı́n; Cinq-Mars, Jacques; Dobosi, Viola T.; Hannus, Adrien; Johnson, Eileen; Münzel, Susanne C.; Scheer, Anne; Villa, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2004.04.022

Cited by 89 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Modern humans shaped bone by grinding and polishing to produce standardized or so-called formal tools that were used for specific functions (6,9). Examples of Neandertal bone tools do exist (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15); however, most of these were made through percussion to mimic existing stone tools, such as handaxes, scrapers, and denticulates. Standardized bone tools in forms distinct from stone tools and shaped by grinding and polishing occur in the Châtelperronian (16) and Uluzzian (17), but (i) whether Neandertals made these assemblage types is debated and, furthermore, (ii) their late date means that Neandertals could have been influenced by modern humans already in Europe (18,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neandertals made the first specialized bone tools in Europe

Soressi

McPherron

Lenoir

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

232

116

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Modern humans replaced Neandertals ∼40,000 y ago. Close to the time of replacement, Neandertals show behaviors similar to those of the modern humans arriving into Europe, including the use of specialized bone tools, body ornaments, and small blades. It is highly debated whether these modern behaviors developed before or as a result of contact with modern humans. Here we report the identification of a type of specialized bone tool, lissoir , previously only associated with modern humans. The microwear preserved on one of these lissoir is consistent with the use of lissoir in modern times to obtain supple, lustrous, and more impermeable hides. These tools are from a Neandertal context proceeding the replacement period and are the oldest specialized bone tools in Europe. As such, they are either a demonstration of independent invention by Neandertals or an indication that modern humans started influencing European Neandertals much earlier than previously believed. Because these finds clearly predate the oldest known age for the use of similar objects in Europe by anatomically modern humans, they could also be evidence for cultural diffusion from Neandertals to modern humans.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neandertals made the first specialized bone tools in Europe

Soressi

McPherron

Lenoir

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

232

116

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“…It was since that time that mobile groups of mammoth hunters began to penetrate from Central Europe into steppes north of the Black Sea, as well as into the valleys of the Dniester and its tributaries. It is still difficult to attribute them to a certain archeological culture, though even now it seems possible that they could be related to the bearers of Anisyutkin, 2001e2002;Khlopatchev, 2001e2002, 2006Patou-Matis, 2004;Gaudzinski et al, 2005;Borziac et al, 2006Borziac et al, , 2007Piel-Descruisseaux, 2007;Amirkhanov et al, 2009a,b;Bolus, 2010;Cârciumaru et al, 2010;Sinitsyn, 2010;; those of wood were described by Müller-Beck (2010).…”

Section: Terrestrial Molluscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary results of studies of the Valea Morilor Upper Palaeolithic site (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova): A new camp of mammoth hunters

Obada

Plicht

Маркова

et al. 2012

Quaternary International

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“…Examples are Lynford, England, Ambrona, Spain and Bollschweil, Germany (e.g. Gaudzinski et al 2005;Smith 2008;Villa 1990). At Neanderthal-accumulated sites in France, mammoth generally accounts for small percentages of the NISP.…”

Section: Middle Palaeolithic Archaeozoologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Pleistocene Neanderthal and cave hyena Dietary Habits: Combining Isotopic and Archaeozoological Analyses

Dusseldorp

2010

J Archaeol Method Theory

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Stable isotope analysis is increasingly used to gain insight in the configuration of Pleistocene ecosystems. The application of isotope analysis to Neanderthal and cave hyena bone assemblages has led to hypotheses about the niche differentiation between these species. Comparing isotopic data with archaeozoology analyses shows discrepancies between the results of both analytical methods. Here, the results of all northwest European stable isotope studies on Neanderthals are reviewed. The emphasis of the analysis is on a sample of sites from MIS 4-3 in southwest France. Causes of the discrepancy between archaeozoological and stable isotope results are discussed and hypotheses reconciling the data are proposed. Recommendations for further research will allow testing of the hypotheses and increase our understanding of the functioning of Pleistocene ecosystems.

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The use of Proboscidean remains in every-day Palaeolithic life

Cited by 89 publications

References 11 publications

Neandertals made the first specialized bone tools in Europe

Neandertals made the first specialized bone tools in Europe

Preliminary results of studies of the Valea Morilor Upper Palaeolithic site (Chişinău, Republic of Moldova): A new camp of mammoth hunters

Studying Pleistocene Neanderthal and cave hyena Dietary Habits: Combining Isotopic and Archaeozoological Analyses

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