The use of plasmonics in light beaming and focusing

Lee, Byoungho; Kim, Seyoon; Kim, Hwi; Lim, Yongjun

doi:10.1016/j.pquantelec.2009.08.002

Cited by 128 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…However, when the excitation intensity increases to 1.7 × 10 6 W/cm 2 , not only clear flattening at the top of the PSF is observed, but also widening of the FWHM, indicating saturation. Very interestingly, at slightly higher intensities, the central intensity becomes lower than the peripheral, resulting in a donut-shaped PSF.…”

Section: Seementioning

confidence: 94%

“…The study of plasmonics has attracted great interest due to its applications in many different fields [1][2][3][4] . One of the most investigated fields in plasmonics is surface plasmonics, in which the collective oscillation of conduction electrons couples with an external electromagnetic wave at an interface between a metal and dielectric.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Lee

Huang

et al. 2016

JoVE

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Plasmonics, which are based on the collective oscillation of electrons due to light excitation, involve strongly enhanced local electric fields and thus have potential applications in nonlinear optics, which requires extraordinary optical intensity. One of the most studied nonlinearities in plasmonics is nonlinear absorption, including saturation and reverse saturation behaviors. Although scattering and absorption in nanoparticles are closely correlated by the Mie theory, there has been no report of nonlinearities in plasmonic scattering until very recently.Last year, not only saturation, but also reverse saturation of scattering in an isolated plasmonic particle was demonstrated for the first time. The results showed that saturable scattering exhibits clear wavelength dependence, which seems to be directly linked to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Combined with the intensity-dependent measurements, the results suggest the possibility of a common mechanism underlying the nonlinear behaviors of scattering and absorption. These nonlinearities of scattering from a single gold nanosphere (GNS) are widely applicable, including in super-resolution microscopy and optical switches.In this paper, it is described in detail how to measure nonlinearity of scattering in a single GNP and how to employ the super-resolution technique to enhance the optical imaging resolution based on saturable scattering. This discovery features the first super-resolution microscopy based on nonlinear scattering, which is a novel non-bleaching contrast method that can achieve a resolution as low as l/8 and will potentially be useful in biomedicine and material studies. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at

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Section: Seementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Lee

Huang

et al. 2016

JoVE

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“…A dispersive material (gold in our case) has the non-zero frequency-dependent absorption coefficient that increases significantly in abnormal dispersion regions. The relation between real and imaginary parts of susceptibility and the refractive index and the extinction coefficient are given by: (2) where n and γ are the refractive index and the extinction coefficient, respectively, and k 0 is a freespace wave-number. Kramers-Krönig relations relate n and γ for real (χ 1 ) and imaginary (χ 2 ) parts of susceptibility for a sufficiently wide range of frequencies.…”

Section: Figure 1 (Colour Online)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unidirectional SPP excitation at asymmetrical two-layered metal gratings

Roszkiewicz

Nasalski

2010

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract.A new configuration of a reflective one-dimensional surface-relief metallicgrating structure for unidirectional excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is proposed and numerically explored for plane wave normal incidence. The structure is embedded between two different dielectric media and composed of two layers, each of them consisted of periodically placed rectangular metal stripes. It is shown that even a small horizontal shift between these two layers, or a change of dielectric contrast of the grating fillings, may redirect energy flow propagation in a vicinity of the grating structure. From these two cases of counter propagating energy flows only one shows the field behaviour typical for SPP excitation. This evident directivity phenomenon exists together with high concentration of the electromagnetic field at the periodic structure. The configurations analysed may be useful in designing optical devices like photodetectors or, in general, in any case where efficient control of energy propagation directivity is of primary importance.

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“…4 The interaction between the surface electromagnetic wave (called the surface plasmonic wave) and the subwavelength metallic structure is believed to play a key role in this phenomenon. 5 Since this discovery, the beaming and focusing effects existing above or on a corrugated metallic surface 6 have been added to the answer to this classic question. On the other hand, with the development of nearfield optics and the invention of various nanoscale lasers, e.g., the quantum cascade laser 7 and the very-small-aperture laser, 8,9 the behavior of light passing through a subwavelength hole and the manipulation of the transmitted wavefront have drawn much attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavefront shaping of infrared light through a subwavelength hole

et al. 2012

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Light passing through a subwavelength hole in an opaque plate is a fundamental concern in both optical science and applications. Using both simulations and experiments, we show that, when a subwavelength hole in a silver thin film is surrounded by well-designed patterns of grooves, the wavefront of the infrared light through it can be shaped into a preset complicated pattern such as a Latin letter 'L' or 'O' at a given position instead of being diffracted in all directions. The design is created via the surface-wave-holography method, which allows direct determination of the surface plasmonic structure for a given wavefront-engineering functionality without the need to solve complex inverse problems. The results will deepen current understanding of this enduring issue and will find applications in many fields such as wave manipulation and sensing. Keywords: plasmonics; surface wave holography; subwavelength hole; wavefront shaping INTRODUCTIONThe behavior of light passing through a small hole in an opaque screen is a long-established subject in fundamental optics. It is well known in geometrical optics that a pinhole can form an inverted image on the opposite side of the pinhole as a consequence of the rectilinear propagation of light rays. When the hole is shrunk to a dimension comparable with the wavelength, the light manifests its wave nature and demonstrates a diffracted pattern.1 If the radius of the hole is further decreased to r,,l, it is expected that when the light passes through this hole on a perfectly conductive and infinitely thin metal film, the wave is diffracted in all directions, and the transmission efficiency is weak and proportional to (r/l) 4 . 2,3 However, an experiment has shown that, if a subwavelength aperture in a metal film is surrounded by periodic grooves, the transmitted light can emerge as a beam with a small angular divergence instead of being diffracted to a wide angular range. 4 The interaction between the surface electromagnetic wave (called the surface plasmonic wave) and the subwavelength metallic structure is believed to play a key role in this phenomenon. 5 Since this discovery, the beaming and focusing effects existing above or on a corrugated metallic surface 6 have been added to the answer to this classic question. On the other hand, with the development of nearfield optics and the invention of various nanoscale lasers, e.g., the quantum cascade laser 7 and the very-small-aperture laser, 8,9 the behavior of light passing through a subwavelength hole and the manipulation of the transmitted wavefront have drawn much attention.

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The use of plasmonics in light beaming and focusing

Cited by 128 publications

References 67 publications

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Measurement of Scattering Nonlinearities from a Single Plasmonic Nanoparticle

Unidirectional SPP excitation at asymmetrical two-layered metal gratings

Wavefront shaping of infrared light through a subwavelength hole

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