The use of plant explants to obtain embryogenic callus clams as an early stage in the selection of Napier Grass cv Taiwan

Abstract

This study aimed to obtain 50-100 mussels from a population of embryogenic callus derived from cultivars of Taiwan elephant grass. The research was conducted in three phases: 1) sterilization, which was accomplished by immersing the material in 70% alcohol solution, 20% chlorox, and rinsing it with sterile distilled water so that it could be cultured in the treatment media; 2) callus induction with explants of young leaves in culture medium supplemented with growth regulator (PGR) 2,4-D at a concentration of 2 mg/l and enriched with amino acids and casein hydrolysate; 3) callus proliferation and regeneration utilizing culture-based. The results indicated that the success rate of explant sterilization ranged from 10 to 78%, and the ability of the tissue to form callus ranged from 60 to 80%, with the highest callus-forming ability obtained from culture explants with chemical and physical combination sterilization by burning, while at the proliferation stage, it was obtained on average 5 times per series. After two weeks, the average callus weight was 1.72 to 1.76 g per bottle, increasing to 1.92 to 2.07 g per bottle for a total of 150 bottles, with 78.1 to 85.3% of callus cells capable of regenerating into shoots via organogenesis or embryogenesis. It was determined that the initial selection procedure for fodder plants from explants to obtain callus has the potential to be further developed.