The Use of Oxygen 18 and Deuterium Concentrations in the Water Balance of Lakes

Dinçer, T.

doi:10.1029/wr004i006p01289

Cited by 157 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…This is sometimes termed the equilibrium evaporation slope, which applies to evaporation of local precipitation [see Gat and Bowser, 1991], but is distinguished from nonequilibrium evaporation slopes, which describe evaporation of allochthonous water sources, i.e., waters introduced by long-distance river transport, regional groundwater flow, or artificial diversions. Local evaporation lines (LELs) have been widely reported from field studies of water bodies [e.g., Dinçer, 1968;Zuber, 1983;Gibson, 2002;Gibson et al, 1993Gibson et al, , 2005 and soil water [e.g., Barnes and Allison, 1988;. In general, soil water LELs have been reported as having lower slopes than open water LELs, attributed to vapor transport through the stagnant, diffusiondominated soil matrix.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2] Steady state isotope balance models have often been applied to estimate long-term average water balance conditions for lakes [Dinçer, 1968;Gat, 1995]. When these models are applied in climates with a pronounced seasonality in evaporation rates, especially in environments where ice cover is present, they frequently predict slopes that differ greatly from observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global prediction of δ_A and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality

Gibson¹,

Birks²,

Edwards

2008

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

210

152

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[1] Global trends in the d 2 H-d 18O enrichment slope of continental lakes and shallow soil water undergoing natural evaporation are predicted on the basis of a steady state isotope balance model using basic monthly climate data (i.e., temperature and humidity), isotopes in precipitation data, and a simple equilibrium liquid-vapor model to estimate isotopes in atmospheric moisture. The approach, which demonstrates the extension of well-known conceptual models in stable isotope hydrology to the global scale, is intended to serve as a baseline reference for evaluating field-based isotope measurements of vapor, surface water, and soil water and as a diagnostic tool for more complex ecosystem models, including isotope-equipped climate models. Our simulations reproduce the observed local evaporation line slopes (4-5 range for lakes and 2-3 range for soil water) for South America, Africa, Australia, and Europe. A systematic increase in slopes (5-8 range for lakes) toward the high latitudes is also predicted for lakes and soil water in northern North America, Asia, and Antarctica illustrating a latitudinal (mainly seasonality-related) control on the evaporation signals that has not been widely reported. The over-riding control on the poleward steepening of the local evaporation lines is found to be the isotopic separation between evaporation-flux-weighted atmospheric moisture and annual precipitation, and to lesser extents temperature and humidity, all of which are influenced by enhanced seasonality in cold regions.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global prediction of δ_A and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality

Gibson¹,

Birks²,

Edwards

2008

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

210

152

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“…1985; Krabbenhoft and Webster, 1995] or stable isotopes [Dincer, 1968;Gat, 1970;Krabbenhofi et al, 1990]. Recently, Curtis and Prepas [1993] suggested that dissolved organic carbon may be conservative in saline lakes, raising the possibility that dissolved organic carbon could be used in chemical balance calculations to approximate seepage.…”

Section: Paper Number 97wr02427mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological and chemical estimates of the water balance of a closed‐basin lake in north central Minnesota

LaBaugh¹,

Winter²,

Rosenberry³

et al. 1997

Water Resources Research

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Abstract. Chemical mass balances for sodium, magnesium, chloride, dissolved organic carbon, and oxygen 18 were used to estimate groundwater seepage to and from Williams Lake, Minnesota, over a 15-month period, from April 1991 through June 1992. Groundwater seepage to the lake and seepage from the lake to groundwater were determined independently using a flow net approach using data from water table wells installed as part of the study. Hydrogeological analysis indicated groundwater seepage to the lake accounted for 74% of annual water input to the lake; the remainder came from atmospheric precipitation, as determined from a gage in the watershed and from nearby National Weather Service gages. Seepage from the lake accounted for 69% of annual water losses from the lake; the remainder was removed by evaporation, as determined by the energy budget method. Calculated annual water loss exceeded calculated annual water gain, and this imbalance was double the value of the independently measured decrease in lake volume. Seepage to the lake determined from oxygen 18 was larger (79% of annual water input) than that determined from the flow net approach and made the difference between calculated annual water gain and loss consistent with the independently measured decrease in lake volume. Although the net difference between volume of seepage to the lake and volume of seepage from the lake was 1% of average lake volume, movement of water into and out of the lake 'by seepage represented an annual exchange of groundwater with the lake equal to 26-27% of lake volume. Estimates of seepage to the lake from sodium, magnesium, chloride, and dissolved organic carbon did not agree with the values determined from flow net approach or oxygen 18. These results indicated the importance of using a combination of hydrogeological and chemical approaches to define volume of seepage to and from Williams Lake and identify uncertainties in chemical fluxes. Investigations of lakes that have included detailed hydrolog-2799

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“…The applications of these stable isotopes as tracers for lake mass balance calculations [Dincer, 1968;Gat, 1970] have demonstrated that the isotopic composition of evaporating water vapor is the most difficult to estimate among all parameters which must be determined. The uncertainty involved in methods of estimating the isotopic enrichment of evaporation can result in an uncertainty of more than 50% of the calculated evaporation rate [Zimmermann and Ehhalt, 1970].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An advective‐diffusive isotopic evaporation‐condensation model

He¹,

Smith²

1999

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract.A one-dimensionM advective-diffusive model is developed for the evaporation process across an evaporating surface, providing a general theory of fractionation during evaporation and condensation. The model configuration is based on the Craig-Gordon linear evaporation model. We improve the model by allowing advection and diffusion to exist in the skin layer beneath the evaporating surface. The model is based on two fundamental physical principles, Henry's law and Fick's law. The model solutions show that diffusion of isotopes in both the atmosphere and the condensed phase plays an essential role in controlling the isotope flux ratio 5F, which is a measurable quantity. There are several dimensionless parameters that control the isotopic fractionation during evaporation. The most important parameter is N, which takes into account the evaporation rate and the depth of the advective-diffusive layer and represents the relative magnitude of the rate of advection versus the rate of diffusion. Assuming rapid surface exchange, the water vapor is always in isotopic equilibrium with the liquid water at the interface. Under the slow evaporation limit, i.e., N -• 0, the back flux from the atmosphere to the liquid water reservoir is not negligible compared with the upward flux; hence the net flux ratio must take into account information from the atmosphere such as the mixing ratio and the isotope ratios of water vapor. When N is large, the back flux becomes negligible, so the upward flux dominates the net flux and brings only the information of the liquid water reservoir into the net flux; therefore the flux ratio approaches the isotope ratio of the liquid water reservoir. The model also justifies itself by matching with independent theoretical results from earlier studies. Vapor condensation onto ice is also included as a special case in the model.

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The Use of Oxygen 18 and Deuterium Concentrations in the Water Balance of Lakes

Cited by 157 publications

References 16 publications

Global prediction of δ_A and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality

Global prediction of δ_A and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality

Hydrological and chemical estimates of the water balance of a closed‐basin lake in north central Minnesota

An advective‐diffusive isotopic evaporation‐condensation model

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The Use of Oxygen 18 and Deuterium Concentrations in the Water Balance of Lakes

Cited by 157 publications

References 16 publications

Global prediction of δA and δ2H‐δ18O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality

Global prediction of δA and δ2H‐δ18O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality

Hydrological and chemical estimates of the water balance of a closed‐basin lake in north central Minnesota

An advective‐diffusive isotopic evaporation‐condensation model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Global prediction of δ_A and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality

Global prediction of δ_A and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O evaporation slopes for lakes and soil water accounting for seasonality