The Use of Nonpharmacological Interventions to Reduce Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy in a Setting With an Optimal Soothing Environment

Abstract

Patients develop anxiety before undergoing gastroscopy. By removing such distressing feelings, patients are more likely to experience gastroscopy more smoothly. This study was designed to examine changes in anxiety levels in patients undergoing gastroscopy and the effect of an optimal soothing environment (OSE) as a new nonpharmacological intervention to reduce patient anxiety prior to gastroscopy. During a 6-month period, 50 outpatients referred for gastroscopy were randomly assigned to two groups (control group, n = 24 patients; OSE group, n = 26 patients). This study was performed at the digestive endoscopy service of a 150-bed acute care hospital in Japan. The patient anxiety was assessed using the Face Scale score. Pre- and postprocedural systolic blood pressures were measured and values were compared with blood pressure upon arrival at the hospital. The tools for an OSE, including a safe essential oil burner with lavender essential oil and a digital video disk program entitled "Flow" manufactured by NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation) software, were provided to patients in the waiting room before gastroscopy. The score for self-assessed anxiety level just before gastroscopy was significantly higher than that on arrival at the hospital but returned to baseline after gastroscopy in the control group, whereas the score did not increase before starting gastroscopy in the OSE group. Systolic blood pressure measurements just before and after gastroscopy were significantly higher than those on arrival at the hospital and the baseline values in the control group, whereas it was not increased before starting gastroscopy in the OSE group. Providing an OSE before and during gastroscopy is useful to minimize patient anxiety regarding experiencing a gastroscopy. This nonpharmacological method is a simple, inexpensive, and safe method of minimizing anxiety before and during gastroscopy.

Effects of lavender olfactory input on cosmetic procedures

“…However, there was more of a decrease in the mean STAI State scores of subjects in the active group (30.07–22.67) than the mean scores of those in the control group (26.20–23.27). The overall anxiolytic and calming effects of lavender applied to cosmetic procedures are comparable to effects shown when lavender is used during other medical procedures 5–8 …”

“…Anxiety is common even during relatively simple procedures, and Hoya et al. 5 suggest that lavender may be used inexpensively and easily to ensure effectiveness of gastroscopy by decreasing anxiety.…”

“…However, the precise mechanism explaining the consequence lavender has on mood and behavior remains unclear. Various clinical and animal studies have shown the anxiolytic and calming effects that result from the inhalation of lavender 3–8 …”

The Effects of Inhalation of Aromatherapy with Lavender on Anxiety Amongst Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy

“…It prevents obtaining the desired outcomes and reduces patients' tolerance and collaboration. Higher levels of anxiety and restlessness will result in a lengthier, incomplete, painful and difficult colonoscopy (6).…”

Ansiedad en gastroscopias: Comparación de dos intervenciones de enfermería en gastroscopias sin sedación.

“…Más recientemente, Hoya demuestra, cómo el ambiente calmado óptimo es reductor de la ansiedad previa a la gastroscopia 14 .…”