The Use of Nitrogen and Its Regulation in Cereals: Structural Genes, Transcription Factors, and the Role of miRNAs

Zuluaga, Diana L.; Sonnante, Gabriella

doi:10.3390/plants8080294

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…As a key nutrient required for crop development, N is one of the most limiting nutrients for yield production. The lack of N often leads to a serious delay in development and significant symptoms [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 61 ]. In the current study, the WH-stress tolerant genotype DBA Aurora and WH stress-sensitive genotype L6 both exhibited a significant reduction in the morphological and physiological traits measured, including seedling height, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, primary root length, and chlorophyll content ( Table 1 and Table 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Starvation-Responsive MicroRNAs Are Affected by Transgenerational Stress in Durum Wheat Seedlings

Liu

Able

2021

Plants

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Stress events have transgenerational effects on plant growth and development. In Mediterranean regions, water-deficit and heat (WH) stress is a frequent issue that negatively affects crop yield and quality. Nitrogen (N) is an essential plant macronutrient and often a yield-limiting factor for crops. Here, the response of durum wheat seedlings to N starvation under the transgenerational effects of WH stress was investigated in two genotypes. Both genotypes showed a significant reduction in seedling height, leaf number, shoot and root weight (fresh and dry), primary root length, and chlorophyll content under N starvation stress. However, in the WH stress-tolerant genotype, the percentage reduction of most traits was lower in progeny from the stressed parents than progeny from the control parents. Small RNA sequencing identified 1534 microRNAs in different treatment groups. Differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs) were characterized subject to N starvation, parental stress and genotype factors, with their target genes identified in silico. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed the biological functions, associated with DEM-target modules in stress adaptation processes, that could contribute to the phenotypic differences observed between the two genotypes. The study provides the first evidence of the transgenerational effects of WH stress on the N starvation response in durum wheat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Starvation-Responsive MicroRNAs Are Affected by Transgenerational Stress in Durum Wheat Seedlings

Liu

Able

2021

Plants

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“…Compared with other epigenetic regulatory mechanisms, sRNAs can quickly respond to various environmental and developmental cues, and act as mobile signalling molecules to modulate the expression level of their target genes 13,[16][17][18][19] . In particular, the biological functions of many miRNA families in regulating important reproductive, agronomic and physiological traits have been described in several studies [20][21][22][23][24] . Research has shown that plant miRNA-mediated pathways can participate in stress memory to facilitate the adaptation to recurring stress 25 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Small RNAs and their targets are associated with the transgenerational effects of water-deficit stress in durum wheat

Liu

Able

2021

Sci Rep

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Water-deficit stress negatively affects wheat yield and quality. Abiotic stress on parental plants during reproduction may have transgenerational effects on progeny. Here we investigated the transgenerational influence of pre-anthesis water-deficit stress by detailed analysis of the yield components, grain quality traits, and physiological traits in durum wheat. Next-generation sequencing analysis profiled the small RNA-omics, mRNA transcriptomics, and mRNA degradomics in first generation progeny. Parental water-deficit stress had positive impacts on the progeny for traits including harvest index and protein content in the less stress-tolerant variety. Small RNA-seq identified 1739 conserved and 774 novel microRNAs (miRNAs). Transcriptome-seq characterised the expression of 66,559 genes while degradome-seq profiled the miRNA-guided mRNA cleavage dynamics. Differentially expressed miRNAs and genes were identified, with significant regulatory patterns subject to trans- and inter-generational stress. Integrated analysis using three omics platforms revealed significant biological interactions between stress-responsive miRNA and targets, with transgenerational stress tolerance potentially contributed via pathways such as hormone signalling and nutrient metabolism. Our study provides the first confirmation of the transgenerational effects of water-deficit stress in durum wheat. New insights gained at the molecular level indicate that key miRNA-mRNA modules are candidates for transgenerational stress improvement.

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“…APPENDIX Zhao et al, 2012;Sinha et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Shin et al, 2018;Zuluaga et al, 2018 Guo et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2011;He et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016;Sinha et al, 2015;Shin et al, 2018 Xu et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2011;Nischal et al, 2012;Trevisan et al, 2012b;Zhao et al, 2012;Shin et al, 2018;Hou et al, 2020 Xu et al, 2011;Liang et al, 2012;Zhao et al, 2012;Sinha et al, 2015;Yang et al, 2019b Xu et al, 2011;Liang et al, 2012;Cai et al, 2012;Sinha et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2015 Xu et al, 2011;Liang et al, 2012;Zhao et al, 2012;Zuluaga et al, 2017;Zuluaga and Sonnante, 2019;Yang et al, 2019b;Hou et al, 2020…”

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Signaling Responses to N Starvation: Focusing on Wheat and Filling the Putative Gaps With Findings Obtained in Other Plants. A Review

Kong

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Wheat is one of the most important food crops worldwide. In recent decades, fertilizers, especially nitrogen (N), have been increasingly utilized to maximize wheat productivity. However, a large proportion of N is not used by plants and is in fact lost into the environment and causes serious environmental pollution. Therefore, achieving a low N optimum via efficient physiological and biochemical processes in wheat grown under low-N conditions is highly important for agricultural sustainability. Although N stress-related N capture in wheat has become a heavily researched subject, how this plant adapts and responds to N starvation has not been fully elucidated. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the signaling mechanisms activated in wheat plants in response to N starvation. Furthermore, we filled the putative gaps on this subject with findings obtained in other plants, primarily rice, maize, and Arabidopsis. Phytohormones have been determined to play essential roles in sensing environmental N starvation and transducing this signal into an adjustment of N transporters and phenotypic adaptation. The critical roles played by protein kinases and critical kinases and phosphatases, such as MAPK and PP2C, as well as the multifaceted functions of transcription factors, such as NF-Y, MYB, DOF, and WRKY, in regulating the expression levels of their target genes (proteins) for low-N tolerance are also discussed. Optimization of root system architecture (RSA) via root branching and thinning, improvement of N acquisition and assimilation, and fine-tuned autophagy are pivotal strategies by which plants respond to N starvation. In light of these findings, we attempted to construct regulatory networks for RSA modification and N uptake, transport, assimilation, and remobilization.

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The Use of Nitrogen and Its Regulation in Cereals: Structural Genes, Transcription Factors, and the Role of miRNAs

Cited by 41 publications

References 98 publications

Nitrogen Starvation-Responsive MicroRNAs Are Affected by Transgenerational Stress in Durum Wheat Seedlings

Nitrogen Starvation-Responsive MicroRNAs Are Affected by Transgenerational Stress in Durum Wheat Seedlings

Small RNAs and their targets are associated with the transgenerational effects of water-deficit stress in durum wheat

Signaling Responses to N Starvation: Focusing on Wheat and Filling the Putative Gaps With Findings Obtained in Other Plants. A Review

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