The use of mineralogical indicators for the assessment of firing temperature in fired-clay bodies

Viani, Alberto; Cultrone, Giuseppe; Sotiriadis, Konstantinos; Ševčík, Radek; Šašek, Petr

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2018.07.020

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Minerals 2020, 10, x FOR PEER REVIEW 2 of 11 mineral formation with resultant effect on technological properties [4,6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Therefore, for optimal exploitation of natural clays, the sintering behavior needs to be fully appraised.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During sintering, the clay body undergoes chemical and structural modifications that deeply transform the inherent characteristics of raw ceramic material. This process is accompanied by differential phase transformation and neo-mineral formation with resultant effect on technological properties [4,6,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Therefore, for optimal exploitation of natural clays, the sintering behavior needs to be fully appraised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Diko-Makia

Ligege

2020

Minerals

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This study evaluated the potential of raw clays from the Mukondeni region for structural ceramics and pottery based on traditional firing techniques. Physical properties were identified by particle size distribution, consistency limits, and clay activity. Mineralogical and chemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Extruded clay bodies were fired at 900 °C. Technological characteristics were measured by weight loss (WL), bulk density (BD), dry linear shrinkage (DLS), fired linear shrinkage (FLS), water absorption (WA), and flexural strength (FS). The clays were low in <2 µm fractions (≤19%) and of medium to high plasticity with a clayey silt texture. Smectite was the dominant clay mineral while quartz and feldspar were major non clay minerals. The most abundant oxides were SiO2 (63.57–68.73%), Al2O3 (13.9–15.61%), and Fe2O3 (4.86–6.18%), whereas K2O, CaO, MgO, Na2O, TiO2, and P2O5 were depleted. Characterization based on the clay workability chart, Winkler’s diagram, and compositional ternary diagrams revealed acceptable extrusion properties and suitability for structural ceramics and earthenware. The clays showed acceptable WL, BD, LS, and WA, but unsatisfactory FS (≤1.08 MPa). Low mechanical strength was attributed to presence of smectites and inert nature of feldspar at 900 °C. Beneficiation through mixing with carbonate-rich raw materials is recommended.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Diko-Makia

Ligege

2020

Minerals

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“…For this study, the focus is on the brick sample's estimated firing temperature and the conditions of the kiln during this process. Changes in the chemical and mineralogical structure of clay provides an indication of the original temperature when it was formed (Viani et al 2018). An attempt to determine the firing temperature was made by researchers from Malaysia and Myanmar by monitoring the absence or presence of certain type of minerals (i.e., kaolinite and mullite) using XRD (Oh et al 2019;Zuliskandar Ramli et al 2012;Zuliskandar Ramli et al 2013a, 2013c, 2013dZuliskandar Ramli et al 2014a).…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of Bricks In the Southeast Asian Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Chemistry Methods of Estimating the Original Firing Temperature of Bricks from a 19th Century Convent in the Philippines: Perspective of a Southeast Asian Country | Mga Pamamaraan ng Mapanuring-Kimika sa Pagtantya ng Orihinal na Temperatura ng Pagsunog sa Ladrilyo Mula sa Isang Ika-19 na Siglong Kumbento sa Pilipinas: Pananaw ng Isang Bansa sa Timog-Silangang Asya

Cayme

2021

SPJ

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Countries in Southeast Asia have a unique and diverse culture due to its varied ethnic groups having different traditions and beliefs. The process of manufacturing building materials such as brick masonry is one aspect where this distinctiveness is manifested. This study provides a general analytical chemistry method that will estimate the original firing temperature of a historical brick material from a convent in Milaor, Camarines Sur, Philippines. Different instrumental techniques were utilized namely the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). From these techniques, the chemical and mineralogical composition of the brick was reported. The clay mixture used in the production of the brick is known to be non-calcareous and low refractory, that was fired in an oxidizing atmosphere. The brick’s microstructure is classified within the initial vitrification stage based on the features of the mineral transformations. The results of this study point to an estimated firing temperature range of 650°C to 850°C. An emphasis on the importance of chemical analysis in studying cultural heritage materials in the Southeast Asian region is also highlighted on this paper. Ang mga bansa sa Timog-Silangang Asya ay may natatangi at magkakaibang kultura sanhi ng iba’t ibang mga pangkat etniko na may magkakaibang tradisyon at paniniwala. Ang pamamaraan ng paggawa sa mga materyales ng lumang gusali tulad ng ladrilyo ay isang aspeto kung saan naipapamalas ang pagkakaiba-iba nito. Ang pagaaral na ito ay nagbibigay ng isang pangkalahatang pamamaraan ng mapanuring-kimika para tantyahin ang orihinal na temperatura ng paggawa sa lumang ladrilyo mula sa isang kumbento ng Milaor, Camarines Sur, Pilipinas. Iba’t ibang mga instrumento ang ginamit tulad ng Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy at ang Scanning Electron Microscopy na nakakabit sa Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX). Mula sa mga intrumentong ito, ang kemikal at mineral na komposisyon ng ladrilyo ay iniulat. Ang mga pinaghalong luad na ginamit sa paggawa ng ladrilyo ay masaasabing hindi gaanong madami ang bilang ng kalsiyo at mababang refractory, na sinunog sa isang kapaligiran na sagana sa hangin. Ang mga pinaka-maliliit na istruktura ng ladrilyo ay masasabing nasa paunang yugto ng pagtunaw ng mga mineral sa luad, batay sa mga pagbabagong anyo ng mga ito. Sa mga resulta ng pagaaral, masasabi na ang tantyang temperatura ng pagsunog ay nasa 650°C hanggang 850°C. Binibigyan ng diin ang kahalagahan ng pagsusuri ng kimika sa pagaaral ng mga materyales na pamanang kultura sa rehiyon ng Timog-Silangang Asya ay naitala din sa pagaaral na ito.

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“…Actually, industrial byproducts or natural raw materials used for fired bricks usually content about 50-70% SiO2 [8,13,[35][36][37][38]. The presence of alkaline and alkaline earth in these materials is beneficial for sintering, favouring at lower temperature the formation of intergranular liquid phase, which allows mass transport phenomena and local binding of the solid grains [37].…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling lithium mine tailings in the production of low temperature (700–900 °C) ceramics: Effect of ladle slag and sodium compounds on the processing and final properties

Lemougna

Yliniemi

Ismailov

et al. 2019

Construction and Building Materials

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This paper deals with the valorization of quartz and felspar rich lithium mine tailings (QFS) in the development of construction materials. Ladle slag was used as green strength increasing agent.Sodium hydroxide and carbonate were used as fluxing agents to allow sintering at 700 -900 ºC. Of these, sodium hydroxide was found to be the more efficient. The sintered ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, compressive test, water absorption, apparent density and dilatometry; the results were found to comply with ASTM C62-99 specifications for building brick, and interesting for a sustainable use of resources.

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The use of mineralogical indicators for the assessment of firing temperature in fired-clay bodies

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Recycling lithium mine tailings in the production of low temperature (700–900 °C) ceramics: Effect of ladle slag and sodium compounds on the processing and final properties

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The use of mineralogical indicators for the assessment of firing temperature in fired-clay bodies

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Composition and Technological Properties of Clays for Structural Ceramics in Limpopo (South Africa)

Recycling lithium mine tailings in the production of low temperature (700–900 °C) ceramics: Effect of ladle slag and sodium compounds on the processing and final properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Recycling lithium mine tailings in the production of low temperature (700–900 °C) ceramics: Effect of ladle slag and sodium compounds on the processing and final properties