The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Complex Treatment of Kidney Tuberculosis (Experimental Study)

Abstract

In recent years, the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been recognized as a promising method for treatment of different diseases associated with inflammation and sclerosis, which include nephrotuberculosis. The aim of our study is to investigate the effectiveness of MSCs in the complex therapy of experimental rabbit kidney tuberculosis and to evaluate the effect of cell therapy on the reparative processes. Methods: To simulate kidney tuberculosis, a suspension of the standard strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (106 CFU) was used, which was injected into the cortical layer of the lower pole parenchyma of the left kidney under ultrasound control in rabbits. Anti-tuberculosis therapy (aTBT) was started on the 18th day after infection. MSCs (5 × 107 cells) were transplanted intravenously after the start of aTBT. Results: 2.5 months after infection, all animals showed renal failure. Conducted aTBT significantly reduced the level of albumin, ceruloplasmin, elastase and the severity of disorders in the proteinase/inhibitor system and increased the productive nature of inflammation. A month after MSC transplantation, the level of inflammatory reaction activity proteins decreased, the area of specific and destructive inflammation in kidneys decreased and the formation of mature connective tissue was noted, which indicates the reparative reaction activation.

Serum Ceruloplasmin-to-Albumin Ratio as a Biochemical Marker in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Before and After Treatment

“…In our study, mean serum ceruloplasmin levels in newly diagnosed PTB patients were 66.28 ± 7.69 mg/dL, decreasing to 35.56 ± 6.17 mg/dL post-treatment. This significant reduction suggests a resolution of inflammation and infection through effective treatment [9][10]. Conversely, albumin, a negative acute-phase reactant, decreases in chronic inflammation due to increased vascular permeability and albumin leakage into tissues.…”

Rare Onset of Tubercular Peritonitis Amidst Chronic Renal Dysfunction

“…Muraviov A.N. et al conducted an effective experimental study, combining stem cell administration with standard anti-tuberculostatic therapy in rabbits, showcasing promise [28].…”

Mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles for therapeutics of renal tuberculosis

“…Rabbit MSCs were isolated from bone marrow as previously described 55 and corresponded to multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells based on the Minimal criteria of The International Society for Cellular Therapy 56 . The cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotic gentamicin (Gibco, USA) 50 μg/mL at 37 °C in 5% CO 2 until confluence of 80–90%.…”

“…The rabbit rTB model was created as described in our previous work 55 . The drug‐susceptible reference strain Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) H37Rv at a dose of 10 6 CFU in 0.2 mL of PBS was injected into the cortical layer of the parenchyma of the left kidney.…”