The use of live three-dimensional Doppler echocardiography in the measurement of cardiac output

Pemberton, James; Li, Xiaokui; Karamlou, Tara; Sandquist, Chloe; Thiele, Karl; Shen, Irving; Ungerleider, Ross M.; Kenny, Antoinette; Sahn, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2004.10.046

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…This approach was initially validated in an in vitro setup and in open-chest animals 88 and more recently in human subjects. 89 -91 The feasibility of visualizing valvular regurgitant jets with RT3DE color flow imaging also has been demonstrated, and the quantification of mitral and tricuspid regurgitation jet volumes was shown to correlate well with 2D flow convergence methods.…”

Section: D Color Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography

2009

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O ne of the most significant developments of the last decade in ultrasound imaging of the heart was the evolution of 3-dimensional (3D) imaging from slow and labor-intense offline reconstruction to real-time volumetric imaging. This imaging modality provides valuable clinical information that empowers echocardiographers with new levels of confidence in the diagnosis of heart disease. We have previously described the technological milestones in the development of real-time 3D echocardiographic (RT3DE) imaging and its major advantages over conventional 2-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and reviewed the published literature that supported the use of this new methodology in clinical practice. 1 Since 2006, the growing availability of RT3DE technology, its ease of use, and its multiple attractive features have sparked significant interest in the research community, resulting in a large number of publications, most of which have endorsed RT3DE imaging for clinical use by demonstrating its unique capabilities in different scenarios. In parallel, the clinical acceptance of this new tool has broadened significantly. The most recent clinically significant addition is matrix-array transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), which provides images of unprecedented quality that aid surgeons and interventional cardiologists in planning and guiding procedures and evaluating their outcomes.The purpose of the present article is to review the most recent RT3DE literature and provide readers with an update on the latest developments and the current status of this noninvasive imaging tool. Because different potential applications of RT3DE imaging have been explored to various extents, they are described here separately, and each is discussed with an emphasis on the scientifically established facts, along with the known stumbling blocks and difficulties. Quantification of LV Volumes and FunctionA firmly established advantage of 3D imaging over crosssectional slices of the heart is the improvement in the accuracy of the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) by eliminating the need for geometric modeling, which is inaccurate in the presence of aneurysms, asymmetrical ventricles, or wall motion abnormalities, and the errors caused by foreshortened views even in symmetrical ventricles. The value of RT3DE imaging in this context has been demonstrated by multiple studies that compared RT3DE volume measurements with widely accepted reference techniques, including radionuclide ventriculography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). [2][3][4][5][6] These studies and others have demonstrated higher levels of agreement between the RT3DE approach and the respective reference technique compared with conventional 2DE methodology. Additionally, RT3DE measurements were found to be more reproducible than 2DE 4,5,7 and, in some studies, even as reproducible as CMR. 8 Interestingly, in a recent study in patients after myocardial infarction (MI), 9 RT3DE-derived LV volumes were more accurate and more reproducible than thos...

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Section: D Color Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time 3-Dimensional Echocardiography

2009

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“…First is the integration of Power Doppler signal derived velocities profile, whose most reliable approach is the Surface Integration of Velocity Vectors, (Sun et al 1995;J M Rubin et al 2001;Berg et al 2000) a clarifying concept which was developed for Color Dopler signal analysis, but has the handicap of the angle effect (Pemberton et al 2005;Li et al 2005), reason why it was left aside. Until the algorithms for calculating velocity of particles from power Doppler signals were developed (M. G. Jones et al 2003;Kripfgans et al 2006;Petersch & Hönigmann 2007) Surface integration of velocity vectors is based on Gauss' theorem, which relates the divergence of the quantity (v) in an enclosed volume (V) to the flux through the surface (S) covering (V).…”

Section: The Addition Of a Time Sequencementioning

confidence: 99%

Future Uses of Three/Four Dimensional Power Doppler Signal in Fetal Medicine

Bello-Muñoz¹,

Ayala²,

Carreras³

et al. 2012

Sonography

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“…Besides, 3D echocardiography is time consuming which constrains its routine clinical applications for diagnosis and assessment of the cardiac function. Recent advancements in ultrasound vastly ameliorated the temporal and spatial resolutions of ultrasound devices, and it is anticipated that the real-time high-resolution 3D echocardiography will become a widespread routine clinical practice in the near future [142,143]. It should be pointed out that, although Doppler vortography has focused on 2D echocardiographic vortex imaging, this technique may be upgraded to a three-dimensional ultrasound modality in future to potentially improve its diagnostic accuracy in clinical applications.…”

Section: D Doppler Vortographymentioning

confidence: 99%