lntraductlonThe development of interaction and strategy analysis systems has spurred a fair amount of research on the relationships between the level of interaction within classrooms and such variables as student achievement and attitude toward the class. The results of much of this research can be summarized by saying that differences in achievement and attitude seem to be in favor of or related to indirect teaching strategies (e.B., Amidon & Flanders, 1970;LaShier & Westmeyer, 1967; Shymansky BC Matthews, 1974;Wolfson, 1973). Yeany's (1975) review of the literature on the subject offers a broad sample of results in achievement and attitude that can be attributed to differences in teaching style. If one places faith in these findings, it would seem that the literature carries a mandate for preservice education classes to encourage and train teachers in the use of indirect teaching strategies.The concept of directness or indirectness of teaching strategy has been represented by Anderson et al. (1974) using the following behavioral hierarchy: Direct Verbal 1. Exposition of facts (lecture) 2. Giving directions or opinions 3. Asking lhdting questions 4. Demonstrations 5. Student exercises ("cook book'? 6. Asking open-ended questions 7. Teacher response to student questions 8. Teacher guidance. and probing 9. Teacher-planned open-ended investiQiatims Direct Nonverbal Indirect Verbal Indirect Nonverbal 10. Studen t-planned investigations The above hierarchy of teaching strategies forms the basis of the Teaching Strategies Observation Differential O D ) which was used as a treatment and measurement tool in this reSKWCh.This study was designed to assess the effects of model viewing in conjunction with systematic teaching strategy analyses on preservice teachers' selection of science teaching strategies and their attitude toward the role of the pupil in science class.
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