The use ofex situconserved plant genetic resources

Abstract

Plant genetic resources are conserved so that they can be used to improve crop plant production and in other ways. However, it is often asserted that use of ex situ conserved germplasm is inadequate and that genetic diversity maintained in genebanks is underutilized. In part, this reflects an incomplete recognition of what constitutes use of plant genetic resources, and of the many different ways in which material from genebanks contributes to improved agricultural production. Based on recent information from surveys of distribution of germplasm from genebanks, and from surveys of users, we suggest that the evidence indicates that there is substantial use of ex situ conserved materials for a wide range of different uses. We suggest that barriers to use of ex situ conserved germplasm may often result from a lack in numbers of users, and from limitations in capacity to effectively utilize the genetic diversity present in genebanks to reduce genetic vulnerability and increase sustainability in modern production systems.

Evaluation of diverse germplasm of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata(L.) Walp.] against bruchid [Callosobruchus maculatus(Fab.)] and correlation with physical and biochemical parameters of seed

“…Genebanks are vital for conserving germplasm and thereby, facilitating plant breeding programmes (Tanksley and McCouch, 1997; Engels, 2002; FAO, 2010; Khoury et al ., 2010; Díez et al ., 2018; Mascher et al ., 2019). However, one of the major obstacles in the use of Genebank accessions is the lack of adequate characterization and evaluation data associated with the conserved germplasm (Marshall, 1989, Hodgkin et al ., 2003; Kell et al ., 2017; Kehel et al ., 2020). Hence, it is essential to evaluate accessions for the potential traits (de Carvalho et al ., 2013; Anglin et al ., 2018; Byrne et al ., 2018).…”

Trends in Research using Plant Genetic Resources from Germplasm Collections: From 1996 to 2006

“…Despite the fact that many countries have signed up and adhered to various international conventions, treaties, and agreements for facilitating the exchange of germplasm, the second state of the world report on PGRFA (FAO, 2010) mentions that there are many constraints to the use of genetic resources, including the lack of human resources, the lack of fully effective linkages between curators, researchers, breeders, seed producers, and farmers, and the lack of comprehensive information systems and funding. Some initial studies were made into the level of use of conserved material (Gao et al, 2000(Gao et al, , 2001Hodgkin et al, 2003;López-Noriega et al, 2012;Widrlechner and Burke, 2003) that also described various constraints to use of genebank materials. To overcome these constraints, it is important to get a good understanding of the actual use patterns of genebank material and get answers to questions such as: Who is using genebank materials?…”

“…For what purpose are they being used? Some initial studies were made into the level of use of conserved material (Gao et al, 2000(Gao et al, , 2001Hodgkin et al, 2003;López-Noriega et al, 2012;Widrlechner and Burke, 2003) that also described various constraints to use of genebank materials.…”

La economía de la conservación de la agrobiodiversidad para la seguridad alimentaria ante el cambio climático

“…Such gene banks can function as a low-cost conservation instruments in order to safeguard genetic resources for many years, thereby avoiding loss through changing environmental or economic conditions (Wood and Lenne, 1997). These "accessions" find wide use in breeding programs (Smale and Day-Rubenstein 2002;Hodgkin et al, 2003). Although a large proportion of the world's major crops can be found in these gene banks, many minor crops and crop wild relatives that are important for the livelihoods of marginalized people are not included (Padulosi et al, 2002;Drucker et al, 2005).…”