The use of hydrochemical sections to identify recharge areas and saline intrusions in alluvial aquifers, southeast Queensland, Australia

Dixon, W. V.; Chiswell, B.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(92)90091-9

Cited by 65 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The Na ? -Cl -relationship has often been used to identify mechanisms responsible for the origin of water salinity in arid and semi-arid regions (Magaritz et al 1981;Dixon and Chiswell 1992;Sami 1992;Guendouz et al 2002;Jalali 2009). The relationship between these two ions shows that the majority of points cluster along the halite dissolution line (line of slope 1, Fig.…”

Section: Groundwater Mineralization Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability assessment of deep groundwater for drinking and irrigation use in the Djeffara aquifers (Northern Gabes, south-eastern Tunisia)

et al. 2013

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The multilayered Djeffara aquifer system, south-eastern Tunisia, has been intensively used as a primary source to meet the growing needs of the various sectors (drinking, agricultural and industrial purposes). The analysis of groundwater chemical characteristics provides much important information useful in water resources management. Detailed knowledge of the geochemical evolution of groundwater and assessing the water quality status for special use are the main objective of any water monitoring study. An attempt has been made for the first time in this region to characterize aquifer behavior and appreciate the quality and/or the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes. In order to attend this objective, a total of 54 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed during January 2008 for the major cations (sodium, calcium, magnesium and potassium), anions (chloride, sulfate, bicarbonate), trace elements (boron, strontium and fluoride), and physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH, total dissolved salts and electrical conductivity). The evolution of chemical composition of groundwater from recharge areas to discharge areas is characterized by increasing sodium, chloride and sulfate contents as a result of leaching of evaporite rock. In this study, three distinct chemical trends in groundwater were identified. The major reactions responsible for the chemical evolution of groundwater in the investigated area fall into three categories: (1) calcite precipitation, (2) gypsum and halite dissolution, and (3) ion exchange. Based on the physicochemical analyses, irrigation quality parameters such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), percentage of sodium, residual sodium carbonate, residual sodium bicarbonate, and permeability index (PI) were calculated. In addition, groundwater quality maps were elabortaed using the geographic information system to delineate spatial variation in physico-chemical characteristics of the groundwater samples. The integration of various dataset indicates that the groundwater of the Djeffara aquifers of the northern Gabes is generally very hard, brackish and high to very high saline and alkaline in nature. The water suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes was evaluated by comparing the values of different water quality parameters with World Health Organization (WHO) guideline values for drinking water. Piper trilinear diagram was constructed to identify groundwater groups where the relative major anionic and cationic concentrations are expressed in percentage of the milliequivalent per liter (meq/l), and it was demonstrated that the majority of the samples belongs to SO 4 -Cl-Ca-Na, Cl-SO 4 -Na-Ca and Na-Cl hydrochemical facies. As a whole, all the analyzed waters from this groundwater have revealed that this water is unsuitable for drinking purposes when comparing to the drinking water standards. Salinity, high electric conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio and sodium percentages indicate that most of the groundwater samples are inappropriate for ir...

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Section: Groundwater Mineralization Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability assessment of deep groundwater for drinking and irrigation use in the Djeffara aquifers (Northern Gabes, south-eastern Tunisia)

et al. 2013

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“…The Na±Cl relationship has often been used to identify the mechanisms for acquiring salinity and saline intrusions in semi-arid regions (Magaritz et al, 1981;Dixon and Chiswell, 1992;Sami, 1992). A parallel enrichment in both ions indicates a dissolution of chloride salts or reconcentration processes by evaporation.…”

Section: Hydrochemical Facies and Trends In Groundwater Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater composition, hydrochemical evolution and mass transfer in a regional detrital aquifer (Baza basin, southern Spain)

Hidalgo

Cruz-Sanjulián

2001

Applied Geochemistry

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The physical±chemical characteristics of the groundwater in the Baza±Caniles detrital aquifer system indicate that a wide diversity of hydrochemical conditions exists in this semiarid region, de®ning geochemical zones with distinct groundwater types. The least mineralized water is found closest to the main recharge zones, and the salinity of the water increases signi®cantly with depth towards the center of the basin. Geochemical reaction models have been constructed using water chemistry data along¯ow paths that characterize the di erent sectors of the aquifer system, namely: Quaternary aquifer, uncon®ned sector and shallow and deep con®ned sectors of the Mio±Pliocene aquifer. Geochemical mass±balance calculations indicate that the dominant groundwater reaction throughout the detrital system is dedolomitisation (dolomite dissolution and calcite precipitation driven by gypsum dissolution); this process is highly developed in the central part of the basin due to the abundance of evaporites. Apart from this process, there are others which in¯uence the geochemical zoning of the system. In the Quaternary aquifer, which behaves as a system open to gases and which receives inputs of CO 2 gas derived from the intensive farming in the area, the interaction of the CO 2 with the carbonate matrix of the aquifer produces an increase in the alkalinity of the water. In the shallow con®ned sector of the Mio±Pliocene aquifer, the process of dedolomitisation evolves in a system closed to CO 2 gas. Ca 2+ /Na + cation exchange and halite dissolution processes are locally important, which gives rise to a relatively saline water. Finally, in the deep con®ned sector, a strongly reducing environment exists, in which the presence of H 2 S and NH + 4 in the highly mineralized groundwater can be detected. In this geochemical zone, the groundwater system is considered to be closed to CO 2 gas proceeding from external sources, but open to CO 2 from oxidation of organic matter. The geochemical modeling indicates that the chemical characteristics of this saline water are mainly due to SO 4 dissolution, dedolomitisation and SO 4 reduction, coupled with microbial degradation of lignite. #

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“…High concentrations of Na + in irrigated areas are also the result of the repeated use of water. The Na + -Cl -relationship has often been used to identify the mechanisms for acquiring salinity and saline intrusions in semi-arid regions (Dixon & Chiswell, 1992;Magaritz, Nadler, Koyumdjisky, & Dan, 1981;Sami, 1992). The high Na + and Clcontents detected in certain samples of the present study may suggest the dissolution of chloride salts.…”

Section: Sodiummentioning

confidence: 77%

Assessment of the chemical components of Famenin groundwater, western Iran

Jalali

2007

Environ Geochem Health

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The Faminin area in the semi-arid Hamadan state, western Iran is facing a serious deficiency in groundwater resources due to an increasing demand associated with rapid population growth and agricultural development. The chemical composition of 78 well samples throughout the Faminin area was determined with the aim of evaluating the concentration of the background ions and identifying the major hydrogeochemical processes that control the groundwater chemistry. The similarity between rock and groundwater chemistries in the recharge area indicates a significant rock-water interaction. The hydrochemical types Na-HCO(3) and Na-SO(4) are the predominate forms in the groundwater, followed by water types Ca-HCO(3) and Na-Cl. The high values of electrical conductivity and high concentrations of Na(+), Cl(-), SO (4) (2-) and NO (3) (-) in the groundwater appeared to be caused by the dissolution of mineral phases and would appeared to be caused by anthropogenic activities, such as intense agricultural practices (application of fertilizers, irrigation practice), urban and industrial waste discharge, among others.

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The use of hydrochemical sections to identify recharge areas and saline intrusions in alluvial aquifers, southeast Queensland, Australia

Cited by 65 publications

References 2 publications

Suitability assessment of deep groundwater for drinking and irrigation use in the Djeffara aquifers (Northern Gabes, south-eastern Tunisia)

Suitability assessment of deep groundwater for drinking and irrigation use in the Djeffara aquifers (Northern Gabes, south-eastern Tunisia)

Groundwater composition, hydrochemical evolution and mass transfer in a regional detrital aquifer (Baza basin, southern Spain)

Assessment of the chemical components of Famenin groundwater, western Iran

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