The Use of H2 in Catalytic Bromate Reduction by Nanoscale Heterogeneous Catalysts

Abstract

The formation of bromate (BrO3−)in groundwater treatment is still a severe environmental problem. Catalytic hydrogenation by nanoscale heterogeneous catalysts with gaseous H2 or solid-state H2 has emerged as a promising approach, which relies on reducing BrO3− to innocuous Br− via the process of direct electron transfer or reduction with atomic hydrogen. Several nanocatalysts have demonstrated high efficiency with a 100% effective BrO3− reduction with greater than 95% of Br− generation in the batch and continuous reactors. However, this technology has not been widely adopted in water treatment systems. Indeed, this research article summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies by highlighting the factors of nanomaterials reduction efficiency, long-term durability, and stability, as well as addressing the essential challenges limiting the implementation of the use of H2 for BrO3− reduction. In this work, we provide an economic evaluation of catalytic BrO3− removal, safe hydrogen supply, storage, and transportation.

Magnetic Metallic Nanoparticles Coated with Carbon for the Catalytic Removal of Bromate from Water

“…Several methods, such as ion exchange [9,10], photocatalysis [11,12], adsorption [13,14], electrochemical reduction [15,16], UV irradiation [17,18], and heterogeneous catalytic reduction under hydrogen [7,19], have been developed to remove bromate from drinking water. Catalytic reduction is considered a promising technology for this type of treatment because it generally uses readily available hydrogen as a reducing agent and can eliminate various contaminants from water without forming toxic by-products [5,7,20].…”