2009
DOI: 10.4067/s0718-090x2009000100002
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The Use of Government-Initiated Referendums in Latin America: Towards a Theory of Referendum Causes

Abstract: El uso de los referendos de iniciativa gubernamental en América Latina. Hacia una teoría sobre las causas del uso de votaciones populares iniciadas por el gobierno AnitA Breuer Department of Comparative Politics, University of Cologne ABstrActOver the past two decades there has been a considerable increase in the number of referendums worldwide. the existing literature on direct democracy has so far failed to explain this phenomenon by delivering a consistent theory on the causes of referendums. this explorati… Show more

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Cited by 13 publications
(15 citation statements)
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“…See, Scarrow (2001); Bu¨tzer (2001); Breuer (2007Breuer ( , 2009and Mendez, Mendez, and Triga (2009). 5.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…See, Scarrow (2001); Bu¨tzer (2001); Breuer (2007Breuer ( , 2009and Mendez, Mendez, and Triga (2009). 5.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…8 For further discussion on the Costa Rica referendum on free trade, see Borges (2017), Cupples and Larios (2010), Ravent os (2008), and S anchez-Ancochea (2008). 9 Breuer (2009b) proposes that initiatives are binding only in Colombia, Costa Rica, Uruguay, and Venezuela. This finding might have been a result of reading drafts of previous constitutions.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Breuer () proposes that initiatives are binding only in Colombia, Costa Rica, Uruguay, and Venezuela. This finding might have been a result of reading drafts of previous constitutions.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Referendums are not, however, always initiated by lay citizens or their movements. The term government‐initiated referendum – the second institution this article studies – is used broadly to refer to popular votes put forward by representative bodies such as the legislature, executives, or the head of the state (Breuer ). In this article, ‘government’ refers specifically to local governments, not to the central government.…”
Section: ‘Soft’ Direct Democracy and Its Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…; Morel ; Qvortrup ; ; Setälä ). In this approach, the causes of direct democracy have usually been sought in the strategic motives of politicians aiming to maximize their power (Bjørklund ; Breuer ; Laisney ; Mendez et al. ; Møller ; Morel ; Rahat ; Smith ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%