The use of gamma scintigraphy to follow the gastrointestinal transit of pharmaceutical formulations

Christensen, Finn Norring; Davis, S.S.; Hardy, John G.; Taylor, Madeline; Whalley, D.R.; Wilson, Clive G.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1985.tb05013.x

Cited by 106 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Drug absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is to be consistently around 3-4 h [3][4][5][6][7]. As a consea complex process subject to many variables [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of pharmaceutical excipients on small intestinal transit.

Adkin

Davis

Sparrow

et al. 1995

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1. The effect of three iso‐osmotic pharmaceutical excipient solutions on gastrointestinal transit were investigated in eight healthy male volunteers. Each subject received 200 ml radiolabelled purified water, or a 200 ml solution of sodium acid pyrophosphate ((SAPP) 1.1 g/200 ml), mannitol (2.264 g/200 ml) or sucrose (4.08 g/200 ml) in a four way cross over design. On each of the study days the volunteers also received five 6 mm diameter non‐disintegrating tablets. Dual isotope gamma scintigraphy was used to assess the transit behaviour of the tablets and solutions. 2. There were no significant differences between the gastric emptying times of the four solution formulations. Rapid gastric emptying was observed in all cases (mean t 50% varied from 11‐ 14 min). 3. Small intestinal transit (SIT) times for the SAPP and mannitol solutions were reduced by 39 and 34%, respectively, when compared with the control solution (purified water = 240 min; SAPP = 147 min; mannitol = 158 min). The 95% confidence limits for the mean differences in SIT time between the control and SAPP solutions was 39‐ 94‐149 min, and 40‐82‐124 min between the mannitol and the control. Intestinal transit for the sucrose solution was similar to that for the control solution (sucrose = 229 min). 4. There were no significant differences in the transit times of the non‐disintegrating tablet preparations, when co‐administered with each solution.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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“…Drug absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is to be consistently around 3-4 h [3][4][5][6][7]. As a consea complex process subject to many variables [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of pharmaceutical excipients on small intestinal transit.

Adkin

Davis

Sparrow

et al. 1995

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…batch No. 87001114) [9], median 21 MBq (range 12-47) together with a sandwich (150kcal), and less than 2 min after that they received m In-DTPA with a specific activity of 24 MBq/ml (Amersham International. UK) (liquid phase), median 3.5 MBq (range 3.2-4.5) in 75 g Complan (Farley Health Products, Nottingham, UK) equal to 15 g pro tein, 12 g fat, and 42 g carbohydrate suspended in 175 ml of water (340 kcal).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11'In scatter in the Tc window, and calculation of the geometric mean radioactivity. The maximal radioactivity found during the first 15-min period following ingestion of the 99n,Tc-labelled pellets (9] and the "'In-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) was used as the 100% value of the later measured activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric Emptying and Subjective Symptoms of Nausea: Lack of Effects of a 5-Hydroxytryptamine-3 Antagonist Ondansetron on Gastric Emptying in Patients with Gastric Stasis Syndrome

et al. 1990

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Thirty-seven consecutive patients referred to a regional gastroenterology outpatient clinic with complaints of persistent nausea had a double isotopic scintigraphic evaluation of solid and liquid gastric emptying. Gastric emptying of both forms followed an exponential model. Marked day to day variation of gastric emptying was noted with a coefficient of variation of approximately 0.20 for both phases. Only 9 of 37 patients had delayed gastric emptying rate of the solid component ( > 180 min) and no correlation between gastric stasis syndrome and nausea was established. Among these patients the median time for the stomach to empty 50% of the solid component was 261 min and 50% of the liquid component was 66 min. Treatment of these 9 patients shown to have gastric stasis syndrome and further 3 patients with diabetic gastroparesis with ondansetron, a highly selective antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3-receptors, resulted in a gastric emptying rate which was not statistically faster than after placebo (p = 0.11).

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“…A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), radiotelemetry, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, and gamma scintigraphy are all capable of providing high-resolution pill location as a function of time data (8,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). All of the methods are high cost and all except SQUID require image analysis to extract position data (15,16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding gastric forces calculated from high-resolution pill tracking

Laulicht¹,

Tripathi

Schlageter³

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although other methods exist for monitoring gastrointestinal motility and contractility, this study exclusively provides direct and quantitative measurements of the forces experienced by an orally ingested pill. We report motive forces and torques calculated from real-time, in vivo measurements of the movement of a magnetic pill in the stomachs of fasted and fed humans. Threedimensional net force and two-dimensional net torque vectors as a function of time data during gastric residence are evaluated using instantaneous translational and rotational position data. Additionally, the net force calculations described can be applied to highresolution pill tracking acquired by any modality. The fraction of time pills experience ranges of forces and torques are analyzed and correlate with the physiological phases of gastric digestion. We also report the maximum forces and torques experienced in vivo by pills as a quantitative measure of the amount of force pills experience during the muscular contractions leading to gastric emptying. Results calculated from human data are compared with small and large animal models with a translational research focus. The reported magnitude and direction of gastric forces experienced by pills in healthy stomachs serves as a baseline for comparison with pathophysiological states. Of clinical significance, the directionality associated with force vector data may be useful in determining the muscle groups associated with gastrointestinal dysmotility. Additionally, the quantitative comparison between human and animal models improves insight into comparative gastric contractility that will aid rational pill design and provide a quantitative framework for interpreting gastroretentive oral formulation test results. drug delivery | gastric retention | gastrointestinal biophysics | pill science

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The use of gamma scintigraphy to follow the gastrointestinal transit of pharmaceutical formulations

Cited by 106 publications

References 15 publications

The effects of pharmaceutical excipients on small intestinal transit.

The effects of pharmaceutical excipients on small intestinal transit.

Gastric Emptying and Subjective Symptoms of Nausea: Lack of Effects of a 5-Hydroxytryptamine-3 Antagonist Ondansetron on Gastric Emptying in Patients with Gastric Stasis Syndrome

Understanding gastric forces calculated from high-resolution pill tracking

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