The use of freeze-dried krill to feed train largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides): feeds and training strategies

Kubitza, Fernando; Lovshin, Leonard L.

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(96)01426-3

Cited by 48 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In opposition to what has been observed for black bass (Kubitza, 1995b;Kubitza & Lovshin, 1997a), walleyes Stizostedion vitreum (Rottiers & Lemm, 1985), and salmonids (Storebakken, 1998), it was observed that neither feed conditioning nor the weight gain of peacock bass is improved by the use of krill meal in the training diets, and also as compared to diets without feed enhancers (12% and 11.6%, respectively). However, results herein obtained were similar to those for the lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens), which showed a decrease on food intake and, consequen-tly, loss of weight when krill was added to the species diet (Moreau & Dabrowski, 1996).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…Fish that begin feed training with a larger initial size and does not feed during the first training period, still has organic reserves at the end of this first training session, and that gives them a second chance to learn to accept the inert food (Flickinger et al, 1975;Williamson, 1981;Willis & Flickinger, 1981). The best success rates on feed training black bass are attained with fingerlings with an average initial weight between 0.5 g and 0.9 g. It seems that these fish have enough energy reserves to survive until they learn to feed on the inert diet (Williamson, 1981;Kubitza, 1995b;Sloane & Lovshin, 1995;Kubitza & Lovshin, 1997a). Therefore, it is suggested that the average initial weight to submit black bass to feed conditioning should be approximately 0.9 g. Regarding peacock bass, we observed a larger percentage of fish feeding on the final dry diet (31.6%) when the average initial weight was 1.5 g, compared to those that began training with an average weight of 0.27 g (11.8%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factors such as initial weight and condition of the fish, water quality and temperature, food palatability, feeding schedule and diseases influence feed training success (McCraren, 1974;Kubitza, 1995a;Kubitza & Lovshin, 1997a). The feed training of the piscivorous largemouth bass, the most popular fish in the United States sport fish industry, is a current practice, and illustrates the potential of feed training carnivorous species in general (Howick & O'Brien, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formulated feeds for carnivorous species should be stable in water and still present texture, palatability and chemical compositions close to their preferred natural food (Lovell, 1989;Kubitza, 1995a;Kubitza & Lovshin, 1997a). Fishery by-products currently utilized in feed conditioning of carnivorous species are whole or ground fish, fish meal, ground crustacean flesh, whole krill or krill meal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feed training of peacock bass (Cichla sp.)

Moura

Kubitza²,

Cyrino

2000

Rev. Bras. Biol.

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The Amazonian cichlid peacock bass (Cichla sp.) is a highly marketable food and sport fish, therefore a suitable species for aquaculture. However, because of its piscivorous feeding preferences, the species does not accept dry feeds voluntarily, turning its intensive culture difficult and costly. This study aimed to wean fingerling peacock bass from inert moist food to dry diets. In a first experiment, 1,134 fingerlings weighting 0.27 g were divided in two 0.37 m 3 hapas and fed ground fish flesh with 35% success. Then, 1.3 g fish were pooled, stocked in six 25 L cages and fed two pellet sequences with 80%, 60%, 40%, 20% and 0% ground fish flesh (GFF). One sequence was flavored with 10% krill meal (Euphausia sp.). Training success of fish fed the GFF-00 diet flavored with krill reached 12% a compared to 11.6% a (p < 0.05) for diets without krill meal. A second experiment was set up with 969, 1.5 g fish, trained with GFF with 39.8% success. After the feed training period, 2.2 g fish were then fed a sequence of moist pellets containing 80%, 60% and 45% GFF. Fish trained to feed on moist pellets with 45% ground fish were pooled and stocked into nine 25 L cages. Fish were weaned to dry pellets without ground fish flesh (GFF-00) using three diet sequences: 1) dry pellets; 2) moist pellets; and 3) dry pellets flavored with 4% cod liver oil; all three diets contained 30, 10 and 0% GFF. The three sequences yielded, respectively 30.8% a , 23.6% a , and 24.7% a (p < 0.05) fish feeding on GFF-00. There were no apparent beneficial effects of increasing moisture or addition of cod liver oil as flavor enhancers in the weaning diets. This study revealed the feasibility of training peacock bass to accept dry pellets, but feeding young fish ground fish flesh seemed to be a major bottleneck in improving feed training success.Key words: tucunaré, Cichla sp., feed training, palatability enhancers. RESUMO Condicionamento alimentar do tucunaré Cichla sp.O ciclídeo amazônico tucunaré (Cichla sp.) tem atraído a atenção de técnicos e piscicultores porque é um peixe tanto esportivo como de mesa. Entretanto, devido ao hábito alimentar carnívoro, a espécie não aceita voluntariamente dietas secas, o que inviabiliza sua utilização em criação intensiva. O objetivo do presente estudo foi condicionar alevinos de tucunaré a ingerir dietas secas inertes, visando viabilizar sua utilização em piscicultura. Em um primeiro experimento, 1.134 alevinos com 0,27 ± 0,1 g foram condicionados a ingerir filé de peixe moído (FP-100), obtendo-se um sucesso de condicionamento de 31,8%. Esses peixes foram estocados em seis gaiolas de 25 L recebendo duas seqüências de dietas contendo 80%, 60%, 40%, 20% e 0% de filé de peixe, sendo uma delas flavorizada com 10% de farinha de krill (Euphausia sp.) (FK). Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os tratamentos. Em um segundo experimento, 969 peixes com 1,7 ± 1,0 g foram condicionados a ingerir uma dieta inerte a partir de uma dieta inicial FP-100, conseguindo-se um sucesso de 39,...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feed training of peacock bass (Cichla sp.)

Moura

Kubitza²,

Cyrino

2000

Rev. Bras. Biol.

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“…Kubitza & Lovshin (1997b) testaram o krill desidratado como atrativo e verificaram que o sucesso de treino aumenta proporcionalmente a concentração deste atrativo na dieta e inversamente ao número de dias de treinamento. Lopes et al (1996) utilizaram o rotífero marinho Brachionus plicatillis, náuplios de Artemia salina e o cladócero Moina micrura na alimentação de larvas do surubim pintado e observaram que esta espécie aceita bem o alimento vivo como dieta inicial.…”

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Uso de alimento vivo como dieta inicial no treinamento alimentar de juvenis de pirarucu

Cavero

Ituassú

Pereira-Filho

et al. 2003

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar a eficiência do alimento vivo como dieta inicial no treinamento alimentar de juvenis de pirarucu, Arapaima gigas. Foram usados dois tratamentos, Artemia sp. e mistura de zooplâncton nativo. O ganho de peso, a porcentagem de comedores e a sobrevivência não apresentaram diferença estatística significativa entre os tratamentos (p>0,05). A dieta inicial, à base de alimento vivo, é eficiente no treinamento alimentar de juvenis de pirarucu.

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