The use of focus group methodology in health disparities research

Ruff, Coralease C.; Alexander, Ivy M.; McKie, Charmaine

doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2005.03.010

Cited by 114 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The researchers vigilantly offered protections by encouraging participants to give freestanding opinions not influenced by coercion, conflict avoidance, acquiescence or fickleness (Kidd & Parshall, 2000). A final "insurance question" was asked at the end of each session, to insure that the critical information was clear and understood by the researchers and participants (Ruff, Alexander, & McKie, 2005). The researchers employed a process of iteration to carry forward data from first focus group, through the theoretical saturation of ideas during the final sessions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition information and its influence on menu choice within higher education establishments

Feldman

Hartwell

Brusca

et al. 2015

British Food Journal

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The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of nutritional information on menu choices in a higher educational setting using a menu designed by the students themselves. Based on USDA healthy eating standards, a menu comprising 7 healthy and 7 unhealthy meal options were presented, once unlabeled as control (n=214) and once labeled with healthy and non-healthy nutrient icons as an intervention test menu (n=212). Findings demonstrate that despite a positive observed trend, there were no significant differences between healthy selection of labeled and unlabeled dishes (p=0.16). Providing nutritional information in student cafeterias may be challenging but helpful. However, more strategies need to be developed to provide nutrition data on menus in an informative, comprehensive, yet friendly way that encourages healthy eating in campus foodservices. Nevertheless, no labeling system or legislation can control choices made by individuals, so the responsibility for a healthy selection must always remain personal.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition information and its influence on menu choice within higher education establishments

Feldman

Hartwell

Brusca

et al. 2015

British Food Journal

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“…After the consolidation session at week 14, patients were invited to participate in a focus group to discuss their views and experiences of the program with researchers who had not been involved with its delivery (SH, CA, AC, AH, MM, or AS). Focus groups are practical for gathering evidence from large numbers of participants, and the interaction tends to be between participants with relatively little influence from the researchers (30,31). Furthermore, the focus groups comprised the program groups, where participants were accustomed to discussing their experiences together.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“They didn't tell us, they made us work it out ourselves”: Patient perspectives of a cognitive–behavioral program for rheumatoid arthritis fatigue

Dures¹,

Kitchen²,

Almeida³

et al. 2012

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. Fatigue is an overwhelming rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptom caused by interacting clinical and psychosocial factors. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) addresses links between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and uses cognitive restructuring to facilitate behavior changes. In a randomized controlled trial, a group CBT program for RA fatigue improved fatigue impact, severity, and perceived coping, as well as mood and quality of life. The aim of this study was to explore the patient perspective of the program and the impact of behavior changes. Methods. Ten exit focus groups were held (38 patients). Transcripts were analyzed by an independent researcher using a hybrid thematic approach, with a subset analyzed by a team member and patient partner. Results. Three overarching themes were identified. In "they made us work it out ourselves" (program factors facilitating changes), patients spontaneously identified elements of group CBT as pivotal, including guided discovery, the impact of metaphors, and working as a group. In "feeling much better about yourself and coping much better" (the nature of changes), patients described cognitive changes, including enhanced self-efficacy and problem solving, and emotional changes, including being less volatile and fearful of fatigue. In "my life has changed so much it's unbelievable" (benefits beyond fatigue), patients reengaged in previously abandoned activities, were more active, and enjoyed greater social participation. Conclusion. Patients highlighted that CBT elements were key to making behavior changes and that these had far-reaching impacts on their lives. This suggests it could be beneficial in clinical practice to incorporate cognitive-behavioral approaches into patient education programs that aim to enhance self-management.

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“…(18,19) The interview guide was designed using the recommendations of Clotaire Rapaille's The Culture Code, (20) to capture opinion information on the topic of prostate cancer and specifically on radio and print advertisements designed for the PRAP media campaign. The interview guide contained initial probes to elicit "gut" reactions to key words.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Focus Groups to Adapt Ethnically Appropriate, Information-Seeking and Recruitment Messages for a Prostate Cancer Screening Program for Men at High Risk

Bryan

Wetmore-Arkader

Calvano

et al. 2008

Journal of the National Medical Association

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Purpose-To adapt ethnically appropriate radio and newspaper messages in order to increase information seeking and recruitment to a high risk Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment Program (PRAP) using input from focus groups.Methods-We conducted 4 gender-and ethnic specific-focus groups composed of up to 8 participants each. Group participants ranged in age from 35-69 and were either at risk for prostate cancer or were married to someone at risk. Participants evaluated both print and radio advertisements for a PRAP media recruitment campaign and their recommendations were used to adapt the advertisements.Results-"Trigger words", e.g., "research program" were found to be a particular issue for African American men who cited concerns about "experimentation", while the other groups cited concerns about time commitments and cost. In the print messages, familial themes garnered an overall favorable response, but Caucasian American (CAs) participants responded negatively to the use of photos of age appropriate models.Conclusion-Focus groups are useful in checking health professional assumptions about health messages prior to developing awareness or recruitment advertisements or materials. There was an implied preference for "younger" models among CAs. Radio and print messages were adapted using the focus group recommendations, i.e,. focusing on familial themes, adding race specific risk estimates, and using younger-than-target group models.

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The use of focus group methodology in health disparities research

Cited by 114 publications

References 11 publications

Nutrition information and its influence on menu choice within higher education establishments

Nutrition information and its influence on menu choice within higher education establishments

“They didn't tell us, they made us work it out ourselves”: Patient perspectives of a cognitive–behavioral program for rheumatoid arthritis fatigue

Using Focus Groups to Adapt Ethnically Appropriate, Information-Seeking and Recruitment Messages for a Prostate Cancer Screening Program for Men at High Risk

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