The Use of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles for Immunization against Francisellosis in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.)

Mertes, Verena; Kashulin, Alexander; Lagos, Leidy; Ciani, Elia; Colquhoun, Duncan J.; Haslene‐Hox, Hanne; Sletta, Håvard; Sørum, Henning; Winther‐Larsen, Hanne C.

doi:10.3390/vaccines9010034

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Because of the comparatively simple production and enrichment of bacterial MVs, the application of MVs as a vaccine platform is discussed widely and shows promising results for other diseases and pathogens 45 , 46 . Until now, some attempts have been made to use MV vaccines in fish with varying results depending on the fish species 47 – 51 . One reason for the inconclusive data could be the variability of MV proteomes, as the protein composition has been reported to differ with growth phase 52 , 53 , cultivation media 54 , bacterial strain 55 , the MV extraction protocol 54 , 56 or even the size of the vesicles 52 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome analysis of the Gram-positive fish pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum reveals putative role of membrane vesicles in virulence

Kroniger

Flender

Schlüter

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is a chronic bacterial disease affecting both wild and farmed salmonids. The causative agent for BKD is the Gram-positive fish pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum. As treatment and prevention of BKD have proven to be difficult, it is important to know and identify the key bacterial proteins that interact with the host. We used subcellular fractionation to report semi-quantitative data for the cytosolic, membrane, extracellular, and membrane vesicle (MV) proteome of R. salmoninarum. These data can aid as a backbone for more targeted experiments regarding the development of new drugs for the treatment of BKD. Further analysis was focused on the MV proteome, where both major immunosuppressive proteins P57/Msa and P22 and proteins involved in bacterial adhesion were found in high abundance. Interestingly, the P22 protein was relatively enriched only in the extracellular and MV fraction, implicating that MVs may play a role in host–pathogen interaction. Compared to the other subcellular fractions, the MVs were also relatively enriched in lipoproteins and all four cell wall hydrolases belonging to the New Lipoprotein C/Protein of 60 kDa (NlpC/P60) family were detected, suggesting an involvement in the formation of the MVs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome analysis of the Gram-positive fish pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum reveals putative role of membrane vesicles in virulence

Kroniger

Flender

Schlüter

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…For instance, the PdpA protein has been highlighted as one of the main constituent proteins of the outer-membrane vesicles for F. noatunensis and recent experimentation suggests that vaccination with outer-membrane vesicles via intraperitoneal injection provides protection against piscine francisellosis using the Zebrafish model (Brudal et al 2015;Lagos et al 2017). However, intraperitoneal injection of F. orientalis outer-membrane vesicles failed to protect Nile Tilapia upon challenges with wild-type isolate (Mertes et al 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, intraperitoneal injection of F. orientalis outer‐membrane vesicles failed to protect Nile Tilapia upon challenges with wild‐type isolate (Mertes et al. 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Francisella orientalis ΔpdpA as a Live Attenuated Vaccine against Piscine Francisellosis in Nile Tilapia

2022

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Francisella orientalis is an important bacterial pathogen of marine and freshwater fish with worldwide distribution. Fish francisellosis is a severe subacute to chronic granulomatous disease, with high mortalities and high infectivity rates in cultured and wild fish. To date, there is no approved vaccine for this disease. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a defined F. orientalis pathogenicity determinant protein A (pdpA) mutant (ΔpdpA) as a live attenuated immersion vaccine against subsequent immersion challenge with the wild-type organism. Immunized Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were protected (45% relative percent survival) from the lethal challenges and presented significantly lower mortality than nonvaccinated and challenged treatments. Although serum IgM was significantly higher in immunized fish, similar bacterial loads were detected in vaccinated and nonvaccinated survivors. In conclusion, although the F. orientalis ΔpdpA is attenuated and effectively stimulated an adaptive immune response, the low relative percent survival and high bacterial persistence in survivors of immunized and challenged treatments indicates low suitability of ΔpdpA as a mucosal vaccine for tilapia under conditions used in this study.

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“…noatunensis subsp. noatunensis (Fnn) and Francisella orientalis reported no protective immunity either in Atlantic cod or in tilapia 107 . NCBP is currently working on developing challenge models that will lead to work on developing vaccines.…”

Section: Diseases In Farmed Atlantic Codmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of cod farming in Norway: Past and current biological and market status and future prospects and directions

Puvanendran

Mortensen

Johansen

et al. 2021

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Atlantic cod is a historically abundant species in the North Atlantic region and has contributed to the prosperity of many nations. But a decline in stocks in the last century has prompted to initiate commercial farming of cod in captive conditions. Several approaches have been employed ranging from stock enhancement, capture‐based aquaculture and intensive cod farming. However, except for the enhancement efforts which were carried out for almost a century, efforts on other methods were intermittent coinciding with lower quotas. Intensive farming was attempted in Norway, Scotland, Ireland, Canada, Iceland and Faroe Islands in the 2000s. But it was carried out hastily to cash in the demand for cod in the market even though there were many biological knowledge gaps that are required for a successful aquaculture venture. The reasons for the failure of commercial farming in Norway during the 2000s were not only because of limited knowledge of the biology of cod but also the economic meltdown in Europe in 2008. Cod farming came to a halt; however, the Norwegian National Cod Breeding Program (NCBP) initiated in 2003 continued to operate and produced a fifth generation of a domesticated cod in 2019. Efforts to fill the gaps and the selective breeding for better growth and disease resistance within NCBP have improved the quality of the juveniles produced. We will discuss the past efforts and reasons for failure in farming of cod, how the current situation looks and the future direction in terms of cod biology, political atmosphere and market.

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The Use of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles for Immunization against Francisellosis in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L.)

Cited by 12 publications

References 64 publications

Proteome analysis of the Gram-positive fish pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum reveals putative role of membrane vesicles in virulence

Proteome analysis of the Gram-positive fish pathogen Renibacterium salmoninarum reveals putative role of membrane vesicles in virulence

Evaluation of Francisella orientalis ΔpdpA as a Live Attenuated Vaccine against Piscine Francisellosis in Nile Tilapia

Development of cod farming in Norway: Past and current biological and market status and future prospects and directions

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