The use of Doppler reflectometry in the L-2M stellarator

Abstract

The study of the properties of edge plasma, in particular , the plasma rotation speed, in toroidal traps is associated with the search for ways to increase the efficiency and reliability of the thermonuclear reactor. One of the methods for measuring the rate of poloidal plasma rotation in tokamaks and stellarators is Doppler reflectometry (DR). The Doppler reflectometer is designed to work as part of the experimental L-2M device to measure the rates of its poloidal rotation, as well as to measure the spatial-frequency spectra of plasma density fluctuations [1]. Diagnostics of high-temperature plasma in magnetic confinement systems is associated with a variety of problems and requires atypical engineering solutions. The powerful sources of microwave radiation (gyrotrons) used to heat the plasma [2] interfere with the detection of low-power diagnostic signals. To isolate such signals, it is necessary to provide high suppression at the ECR frequency of heating 75 GHz and to provide low attenuation at the diagnosis frequency of 30-40 GHz. The created system for filtering electromagnetic radiation consists of a band-stop filter based on a Fabry-Perot resonator and three, pin-shaped waveguide filters [3]. The CAD EMPro Keysight Technologies in a three-dimensional geometry of band-stop filter was represented as a few pairs of contiguous mica plates arranged successively at a distance from each other. Simulation of a microwave filter based on a Fabry-Perot resonator for microwave diagnostics of Doppler reflectometry, made it possible to construct an experimental filter sample with characteristics close to the given ones. The report presents the results of the development , modeling and experimental study of a filter based on a Fabry-Perot (FP) resonator. The introduction of the filter system made it possible to successfully carry out experimental measurements of the spectra of DR in the L-2M stellarator with an ECR heating power density of up to 3.4 MW/m 3. The aim of the research was to create conditions for the stable operation of DR in conditions of powerful heating ECR radiation. To reduce the effect of an external signal with a frequency of 75.3 GHz and noise in the range 60-80 GHz, it was necessary to create a new filtering system. In the filtration system we used band-stop filters. The task of these filters is to provide large attenuation (suppression) in a certain frequency range Δf near the central frequency f 0. The system of filters for diagnostics of DR consists of three pin-waveguide filters and filter based on Fabry-Perot resonator made of mica plates. In view of the design features of the diagnostics (in particular, the overall dimensions of the waveguide paths) the installation of additional pin filters, was not possible. It was required to design and manufacture a compact band-stop filter with a central suppression frequency of 75 GHz. A filter was proposed from the sequence of Fabry-Perot resonators. Millimeter and submillimeter filters based on the Fabry-Perot resonator are actively used in various di...

On The Development Of An Information Technology For Plasma Turbulence Research

“…In the further sections we discuss the models, algorithms and improvement techniques included in the information technology. Experimental samples for various plasma conditions from L-2M stellarator (Pshenichnikov et al, 2005) were used as data sets for probabilistic modelling.…”

On the investigation of plasma turbulence by the analysis of the spectra

“…Исследования низкочастотной структурной турбулентности проводятся на стеллараторе Л-2М методами доплеровкой рефлектометрии [Pshenichnikov, Kolik, Malykh, Petrov et al, 2005] и рассеянием излучения второй гармоники гиротрона на флуктуациях [Skvortsova, Akulina, Batanov et al, 2010]. Комплексные фурье-спектры, измеренные рефлектометром на краю плазмы, изменяются разительно в интервале стационарных макропараметров плазмы.…”

Filters for diagnostic of Doppler reflectometry on the L-2M stellarator for operation under conditions of high ECR heating power

“…One of the methods for measuring the rate of poloidal plasma rotation in tokamaks and stellarators is Doppler reflectometry (DR). The Doppler reflectometer is designed to work as part of the experimental L-2M device to measure the rates of its poloidal rotation, as well as to measure the spatialfrequency spectra of plasma density fluctuations [1].Diagnostics of high-temperature plasma in magnetic confinement systems is associated with a variety of problems and requires atypical engineering solutions. The powerful sources of microwave radiation (gyrotrons) used to heat the plasma [2] interfere with the detection of low-power diagnostic signals.…”

“…One of the methods for measuring the rate of poloidal plasma rotation in tokamaks and stellarators is Doppler reflectometry (DR). The Doppler reflectometer is designed to work as part of the experimental L-2M device to measure the rates of its poloidal rotation, as well as to measure the spatialfrequency spectra of plasma density fluctuations [1].…”

“…The preprocessing procedure includes: converting the output format, normalizing the signal, searching for features in the time series. The procedure for analyzing data in general form is described in [1]. An optimized algorithm for analyzing data and searching for the velocity of poloidal rotation of a plasma column includes methods for automatically calculating a set of parameters.…”