The Use of Dexamethasone in Ophthalmologic Steroid Therapy

Nielsen, Ray H.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1959.04220030094014

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Glucocorticoids have metabolic and anti‐inflammatory properties and help protect against stress and shock. Artificial glucocorticoids have been synthesized and used in many veterinary therapeutic drugs for the treatment of inflammatory diseases 3–6. These compounds also increase weight gain by means of water and fat retention, and they have a synergetic effect when combined with compounds like β ‐agonists or anabolic steroids 7–9.…”

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confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of seventeen glucocorticoids residues in milk and eggs by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Cui

Shao

Zhao

et al. 2006

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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A comprehensive analytical method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of seventeen glucocorticoid residues in eggs and milk. The mass spectrometer parameters, the composition of the mobile phase and the sample preparation method were firstly optimized to obtain maximum sensitivity. The samples were deconjugated with beta-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase enzyme and concentrated using an Oasis HLB solid-phase extraction cartridge, followed by cleanup with a dual Sep-pak silica and aminopropyl cartridge. The analytes were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (using a C18 column)/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-MS/MS) operating in the negative ion mode. The assay for the 17 glucocorticoids was linear over the range of 1-200 microg/L for milk and egg samples with a high correlation coefficient (>0.99). The limits of quantification (LOQs) for the target analytes were 0.04-1.27 microg/kg for the egg samples and 0.03-0.73 microg/kg for the milk samples. The average extraction recoveries of the glucocorticoids from eggs and milk at two concentration levels (spiked at 0.40 and 2.00 microg/kg) were 65.6-118.7% and 61.5-119.6%, respectively, with relative standard deviations between 1.8-17.0% and 2.4-18.4%, respectively. Because of its high sensitivity, good precision and specificity, the method was found to be suitable for trace analysis of synthetic and natural glucocorticoids in complex biosamples such as eggs and milk.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous determination of seventeen glucocorticoids residues in milk and eggs by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Cui

Shao

Zhao

et al. 2006

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Dexamethasone was administered topically to another large group of patients with external ocular conditions: results were similar to those generally obtained with prednisone or prednisolone. Nielsen (1959) noted a rapid and satisfactory response in 10 cases of nongranulomatous uveitis to 3.2 – 4 mgm. dexamethasone daily by mouth.…”

Section: Ocular Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dexamethasone: Its Place in Therapeutics: A Review of Recent Literature

Hart

1960

Int J Clinical Practice

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CORTISONE, the first of the adrenocortical steroids with glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid actions, was demonstrated in 1949 by Hench and his colleagues as being of use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Very soon its therapeutic horizon was widely extended to cover a large number of other conditions, mostly endocrinological or inflammatory. After this, hydrocortisone (cortisol) appeared, then prednisolone and prednisone, triamcinolone, methyl prednisolone and, finally, dexamethasone. Each was brought out in the hope that side (unwanted) effects would be less while clinical (wanted) effects would be more, and claims were made for each in turn which later work failed to confirm in all instances. All compounds produced since hydrocortisone had demonstrably less sodiumretaining effect: triamcinolone differed from the others in producing a certain number of side-effects not common with its predecessors, anorexia instead of the usual tonic effect on the appetite, post-prandial flushing, giddiness and, the most important, myasthenia. Ten years after the original cortisone was produced from the laboratories of Merck & Co. in New Jersey, their new substance appeared, dexamethasone (Decadron, Merck Sharp & Doh me). The claims were that this new substance was far more potent than any of its predecessors and that it (once again, almost, one might say, inevitably) produced fewer "side" effects.One point should be emphasized here. These so-called side effects are very much intrinsic, built-in properties of the drug. Cortisone, a hormone, when given in pharmacological doses to patients with intact adrenal glands, produces, inevitably, some of the features of Cushing's disease: striae, acne, ecchymoses, moon face, overgrowth of fluffy, fine hair, osteoporosis and, occasionally, fractures, mental upsets, peptic u,Jceration, glycosuria and hyperglycaemia. So, in fact, do all

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“…A steroid/antibiotic fixed combination containing 1 mg/mL dexamethasone and 3 mg/mL netilmicin is available in several EU and non-EU countries under the trade name of Netildex (SIFI SpA, Italy) and exhibits a fast and effective control of ocular inflammation, either post-operative or not. 8–10 Since the use of dexamethasone after cataract surgery is established, 11 the product’s added value is the presence of netilmicin, a wide spectrum antibiotic also covering methicillin-resistant strains ensuring a complete sterilization of the ocular surface in the immediate post-surgery period. 12–14 In this study, a short treatment with such steroid-antibiotic combination was tested in patients who underwent to uncomplicated cataract surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Use of Dexamethasone/Netilmicin Fixed Combination in Controlling Ocular Inflammation After Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery

Caporossi

Alessio

Fasce

et al. 2021

OPTH

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Purpose To evaluate the short-term anti-inflammatory effect of dexamethasone/netilmicin fixed combination in the management of ocular inflammation after cataract surgery. Patients and Methods Open-label, randomized, active-controlled, clinical study conducted in 6 sites in Italy; 238 patients were randomized 2:1 to dexamethasone/netilmicin (dexa/net, n=158) or betamethasone/chloramphenicol (beta/chl, n=80). Treatment started the day of surgery and continued 4 times daily for 7 days. The primary efficacy parameter was the anterior chamber (AC) flare. The percentage of patients displaying none or mild (ie, only barely detectable) AC flare was defined as “efficacy rate”, whereas the percentage of patients showing a decrease of AC flare score from baseline was defined as “percentage of responders”. Additional parameters evaluated were AC cells, conjunctival hyperaemia, corneal and lid oedema, symptoms of ocular discomfort, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure. Dexa/net was considered effective if the efficacy rate was not inferior (by means of 97.5% confidence interval) to that of beta/chl. Results After 7 days of treatment, no AC flare was observed in 92.8% (dexa/net) and 92.3% (beta/chl) of patients, whereas no AC cells were observed in 91.5% (dexa/net) and 93.6% (beta/chl) of patients, respectively. The “efficacy rate” was 100% in both groups, whereas the “percentage of responders” was 94.1% in the dexa/net and 93.6% in the beta/chl group. The p-value to reject the null hypothesis of inferiority was <0.001. Other efficacy parameters confirmed both treatments as highly effective, despite their difference in steroid content (2 mg/mL for beta/chl vs 1 mg/mL for dexa/net). IOP and visual acuity at the end of the study were comparable. Two cases of allergic conjunctivitis were considered adverse events and were both related to dexa/net. Conclusion Short-term use of dexa/net fixed combination is safe and effective in the control of post-operative inflammation following uncomplicated cataract surgery.

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The Use of Dexamethasone in Ophthalmologic Steroid Therapy

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Simultaneous determination of seventeen glucocorticoids residues in milk and eggs by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Simultaneous determination of seventeen glucocorticoids residues in milk and eggs by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry

Dexamethasone: Its Place in Therapeutics: A Review of Recent Literature

Short-Term Use of Dexamethasone/Netilmicin Fixed Combination in Controlling Ocular Inflammation After Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery

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