The Use of Bromelin in Establishing a Standard Cross-Match

The Influence of a Plasma Factor on the Erythrocyte Antibody-Antigen-Bromelin Reaction

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Recent studies have indicated the feasibility of using a group of proteolytic enzymes derived from pineapple in the demonstration of erythrocyte antibodies [7,8]. This material, bromelin [3], appears useful in immunohematologic procedures because of the following factors: (a) Ability to detect warm and cold acting saline and in complete erythrocyte antibodies at room temperature, (b) A wide range of activity including the detection of many but not all anti bodies directed against the MNS, Duffy, and Kidd groups, (c) Ex cellent sensitivity with sharp, macroscopic end points, (d) Pre treatment of erythrocytes unneccessary.

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Irregular Blood Group Antibodies in 200,000 Individuals

“…The abnormal distribution of ABO groups in Lewis-immunized individuals is remarkable and may disclose a previously unnoticed relationship between the ABO and Lewis systems. Other connections between these two systems are known: association of the Lewis-and secretor-genes, the "Bombay-group", the increased reactivity of some Lewis-antibodies with 0 cells in comparison with A and B cells, and the close similarity between some anti-H and anti-Leb antibodies (Race & Sanger 1962). It should be added that anti-H is excluded from our Lewis-antibodies because group 0 Le(a-b-) cells were included in our test cell-panel.…”

Bromelin and Pepsin

“…The present investigation deals with the practi cal application of Bromelin in converting bulk incomplete anti-Rh sera to a stable complete form and the use of pepsin as a cheap and easily standardized source of A substance. Löw [1] evolved a practical method of using activated papain whilst Pirofsky [2] has used bromelin in similar manner for cross matching tests but both workers have treated the sera just prior to use, this being impractical in large scale diagnostic ante-natal work.…”