“…Cecchini et al (2022) and Rojas-Downing et al ( 2018) consider climate variability, while Worden and Hailu (2020) consider uncertainty in genomic selection and breeding. Furthermore, many of the models are static (see, e.g., Klootwijk et al, 2016;Notte et al, 2016;Dominati et al, 2019;Bellingeri et al, 2020;Rendel et al, 2020;Salinas-Martínez et al, 2020;Allison et al, 2021;Quintero-Herrera et al, 2021), but there are also many models that are dynamic (see, e.g., Castelán-Ortega et al, 2016;Cortez-Arriola et al, 2016;Romera and Doole, 2016;Shrestha et al, 2018;Paul et al, 2020;Ouellet et al, 2021;Taifouris and Martin, 2021;Kokemohr et al, 2022). The dynamic nature reflects that many of the decisions in farming rely on how some factors change over time, for example, the milk yield or weight of an animal.…”