The use of bone autografts in canine orthopaedic surgery*

Abstract

An account is given of the use to which bone autografts may be put in the repair of non‐union fractures and in the treatment of severe carpal injuries in dogs. The methods of obtaining grafts of rib, iliac crest and tibial cortex are described, as are also the techniques for their employment at fracture sites and for carpal fusion. Four case protocols are provided for each category of procedure. Important theoretical considerations are discussed regarding the fate of grafted bone, the value of a bone bank and the use of bone homografts and bone heterografts. Résumé. L'auteur donne un aperçu des possibilités de recours aux autogreffes osseuses pour la réparation des fractures avec désunion et dans le traitement des lésions carpiennes graves chez le chien. II dé'crit les méthodes d'obtention de greffons des côtes, de la crête iliaque et du cortex tibial, ainsi que les techniques de mise en place au site des fractures et en vue du fusionne‐ment carpien. Chaque precédé est illustré par quatre comptes rendus de cas. Le sort des os greffés l'importance d'une banque des os et l'emploi d'homogreffes et d'hétérogreffes font l'objet d'importantes considérations théoriques. Zusammenfassung. Es wird ein Bericht über die Anwendung von Knochenautoplastik bei der Behandlung nichtheilender Frakturen und schwerer Carpaliaverletzungen bei Hunden gegben. Die Methoden zur Gewinnung von Pfropfungsmaterial von Rippen, Hüftbeinkamm und Tibialcortex werden beschrieben, ebenso die Methoden der Verwendung an Bruchstellen und zur Heilung von Carpaliaverletzungen. Für jede Art des Verfahrens werden vier Fallproto‐kolle wiedergegeben. Wichtige theoretische Überlegungen hinsichtlich des Schicksals gepfropfter Knochensubstanz, des Wertes einer Knochenbank und der Verwendung von Homoio‐ und Heteroknochenpfropfungen werden besprochen.

Carpal Arthrodesis in Dogs

“…The observation that carpal ligament sprain was the only indication for arthrodesis in this series was similar to the cases of other authors (Vaughan 1972 Sexton and Hurov 1978). In those dogs in this series in which the injury was chronic, secondary osteoarthrosis of a t least one of the carpal joints was the sequela and caused pain and lameness., Severe carpal sprain seems to be a n injury of older dogs; trauma may more commonly result in fractures or physeal separation in younger dogs.…”

“…I t is unlikely that the ligament injuries in these 9 cases were specific, but rather a group of ligaments would have been injured, since the ligaments of the carpus are numerous. Many of the cases described by others (Vaughan 1972;Olds et a1 1973;Leeds 1978) also had sprains of the palmar carpal ligaments.…”

“…Curettage of the articular cartilage was recommended f o r both canine carpal arthrodesis (Vaughan 1972;Olds et a1 1973;Wind 1975;Sexton and Hurov 1978) and human wrist arthrodesis (Muller et instruments have been used to remove the articular cartilage, including rongeurs, osteotome, curet or airdrill and bur. The recent trend has been to the use of air equipment which is easier and more precise than former techniques.…”

“…Because complications following arthrodesis have not been infrequent, those cases described in the literature (Vaughan 1972;Olds et a1 1973;Baumberger and Lakatos 1977;Leeds 1978;Sexton and Hurov 1978) have been reviewed as well as a series of 9 cases from the University of Sydney Veterinary Hospital and Clinic (USVHC) in which arthrodesis was performed using a standard technique.…”

SILlCO-DESSICATlON YÖNTEMİ İLE KO~SERVE EDİLEN KEMİK HOMOGREFLERİN KÖPEKLERDE EKSPERtMENTEL UYGULAMALARI üZERİNDE ÇALIŞMALAR

“…İlk kez taze homogrefi Macewen humerus'taki bir pseudoarthrose'u sağıtmak amacıyla uygulamıştır (5,14,20; 21,23,26,28,41). Sonraki yıllarda Judet, Lexer, Tavernier ve Cuneo'nun teknik plandaki bu cesaretli girişimlerinin sonuçları ümit verici olmamıştır (26,36).…”