“…The relationship between these variables is reciprocal, with behavior also having the potential to influence attitudes (Festinger & Carlsmith, 1959). In cognitive therapy, for example, it is acknowledged that getting people to modify their attitudes and beliefs is difficult (Combs & Tiegreen, 2007), and it can be much more effective to directly encourage trial via experiential exercises (Bennett-Levy et al, 2004). Given previous research has partially attributed reluctance to participate in volunteering among older adults to a "misguided sense of what volunteering encompasses" (Warburton, Paynter, & Petriwskyj, 2007), the approach of encouraging trial to change attitudes may assist in overcoming this barrier.…”