Am J Cardiovasc Drugs

2020

DOI: 10.1007/s40256-020-00424-y

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The Use of Aspirin in Contemporary Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases Revisited: The Increasing Need and Call for a Personalized Therapeutic Approach

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Amirhossein Sahebkar

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Cited by 7 publications

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“…In the coming decades the mortality and morbidity rates of CVD disease are anticipated to rise. Unfortunately, the expected rise in these rates brings along hefty financial burdens [17]. Hence, new technologies for fabrication of new biometals need to be implemented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ti-Al-xNb Ternary Alloys via Laser-Engineered Net Shaping for Biomedical Application: Densification, Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties Studies

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et al. 2022

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The lives of many people around the world are impaired and shortened mostly by cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Despite the fact that medical interventions and surgical heart transplants may improve the lives of patients suffering from cardiovascular disease, the cost of treatments and securing a perfect donor are aspects that compel patients to consider cheaper and less invasive therapies. The use of synthetic biomaterials such as titanium-based implants are an alternative for cardiac repair and regeneration. In this work, an in situ development of Ti-Al-xNb alloys were synthesized via laser additive manufacturing for biomedical application. The effect of Nb composition on Ti-Al was investigated. The microstructural evolution was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). A potentiodynamic polarization technique was utilized to investigate the corrosion behavior of TiAl-Nb in 3.5% NaCl. The microhardness and corrosion behaviour of the synthesized Ti-Al-Nb alloys were found to be dependent on laser-processing parameters. The microhardness performance of the samples increased with an increase in the Nb feed rate to the Ti-Al alloy system. Maximum microhardness of 699.8 HVN was evident at 0.061 g/min while at 0.041 g/min the microhardness was 515.8 HVN at Nb gas carrier of 1L/min, respectively.

“…In the coming decades the mortality and morbidity rates of CVD disease are anticipated to rise. Unfortunately, the expected rise in these rates brings along hefty financial burdens [17]. Hence, new technologies for fabrication of new biometals need to be implemented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Ti-Al-xNb Ternary Alloys via Laser-Engineered Net Shaping for Biomedical Application: Densification, Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties Studies

¹

,

²

,

et al. 2022

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The lives of many people around the world are impaired and shortened mostly by cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Despite the fact that medical interventions and surgical heart transplants may improve the lives of patients suffering from cardiovascular disease, the cost of treatments and securing a perfect donor are aspects that compel patients to consider cheaper and less invasive therapies. The use of synthetic biomaterials such as titanium-based implants are an alternative for cardiac repair and regeneration. In this work, an in situ development of Ti-Al-xNb alloys were synthesized via laser additive manufacturing for biomedical application. The effect of Nb composition on Ti-Al was investigated. The microstructural evolution was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). A potentiodynamic polarization technique was utilized to investigate the corrosion behavior of TiAl-Nb in 3.5% NaCl. The microhardness and corrosion behaviour of the synthesized Ti-Al-Nb alloys were found to be dependent on laser-processing parameters. The microhardness performance of the samples increased with an increase in the Nb feed rate to the Ti-Al alloy system. Maximum microhardness of 699.8 HVN was evident at 0.061 g/min while at 0.041 g/min the microhardness was 515.8 HVN at Nb gas carrier of 1L/min, respectively.

“…However, these WM treatments have certain drawbacks. For instance, antiplatelet drugs may cause severe bleeding and gastrointestinal adverse effects ( Fras et al, 2021 ; Du et al, 2023 ). Statins can cause side effects such as hepatotoxicity, myotoxicity, hypotension, and newly developed diabetes ( Gao et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive effect of Naoxintong capsule combined with Western medicine on coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis

Yu,

Huang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Aims:To systematically evaluate the comprehensive effect of combining Naoxintong capsule (NXT) with Western medicine (WM) on coronary heart disease post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of NXT for patients with CHD after PCI were systematically searched across multiple databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wan Fang, from inception until 31 January 2023. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two independent reviewers. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB 2), and data analysis was performed using R4.2.2.Results:Fifteen RCTs conducted between 2011 and 2022 and involving 1,551 patients were identified, with 774 and 777 patients in the experimental and control groups respectively. It was found that the NXT and WM combination was superior to the WM therapy alone in terms of the effective clinical rate (odds ratio [OR] = 4.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.13–10.30), effective rate in electrocardiogram (OR = 6.92, 95% CI = 3.44–13.92), effective rate in angina (OR = 5.90, 95% CI = 3.04–11.46), left ventricular ejection fraction (mean difference [MD] = 4.94, 95% CI = 2.89–6.99), brain natriuretic peptide (MD = −294.00, 95% CI = −584.60 to −3.39), creatine kinase-MB (MD = −7.82, 95% CI = −13.26 to −2.37), major adverse cardiovascular events (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.14–0.43), maximum platelet aggregation rate (MD = −8.33, 95% CI = −11.64 to −5.01), and Chinese medicine evidence score (OR = 9.79, 95% CI = 3.57–26.85). However, there was no significant difference in cardiac troponin I level reduction (MD = −0.13, 95% CI = 0.35–0.09) or the occurrence of adverse medicine events (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.41–2.05). Meta-regression and subgroup analyses indicated that NXT capsule dosage, treatment duration, and patient baseline characteristics contributed to the heterogeneity.Conclusion:A combination of NXT and WM can improve clinical outcomes in patients undergoing PCI. However, further studies are needed to confirm the reliability and safety of this combined treatment approach.Systematic Review Registration:PROSPERO, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=369174, Identifier CRD42022369174.

“…Despite aspirin therapy, a considerable number of patients, particularly those with diabetes, continue to have atherothrombotic events, which is referred to as aspirin treatment failure [ 9 , 10 ]. Although the aetiology of aspirin treatment failure is multifaceted, it may be attributable in part to the high on-aspirin RPR or aspirin resistance [ 1 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Aspirin Resistance in Hong Kong Chinese Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease Using the Multiplate® Analyzer and Serum Thromboxane B2

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et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

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Introduction: Aspirin resistance may be associated with various conditions. We measured serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and platelet function using the Multiplate® Analyzer with arachidonic acid (ASPI) in patients on long term aspirin therapy to identify aspirin resistance and associated factors. Materials and Methods: Chinese patients with stable coronary heart disease had samples for serum TXB2 and ASPI measurement taken before and 1 h after taking a morning dose of 80 mg aspirin. Results: In 266 patients with mean age 66.6 ± 10.7 years, 17% were female and 55% were current or previous smokers. TXB2 and ASPI measurements were significantly higher before the dose than at 1 h post dose, with 46% of subjects having high ASPI values (AUC > 300 AU*min) pre dose compared with 27% at 1 h post dose. TXB2 and ASPI measures of platelet aggregation showed weak correlations, which were only significant before the dose (r = 0.219, p = 0.001). Increased ASPI measurements were associated with white blood cell (WBC) count, haematocrit, platelet count and heart rate at 24 h post dose but only with WBC count, smoking history and heart rate at 1 h post dose. Diabetes was not associated with reduced platelet response to aspirin. The WBC count associated with aspirin resistance was over 6.55 × 109/L by receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conclusions: The antiplatelet response to aspirin was reduced in a large proportion of patients. Patients with higher WBC count within the normal range appear to be at increased risk of aspirin resistance. Higher or more frequent doses of aspirin may be needed in many patients.

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