The use of aromatase inhibitors in boys with short stature: what to know before prescribing?

Linardi, Alessandra; Damiani, Durval; Longui, Carlos Alberto

doi:10.1590/2359-3997000000284

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Synthetic aromatase blocker have been identified and applied i.e. Fadrozole for Pimephales promelas fish (Saari et al 2017); Anastrozole, Letrozole (Linardi et al 2017), also Exemestane for aging broiler rooster (Bazyar et al 2019). However, long term administration of synthetic substance may lead to adverse reactions, also raising issues from drug residue in certain organs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potency of Anadara nodifera Shell as Natural Testosterone Booster for Male Canary (Seriunus canaria)

et al. 2021

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Anadara clam shell contains high Zinc. This microelement is recognised as acting natural aromatase blocker (NAB) that capable of boosting testosterone level. The aim of this study was to evaluates the testosterone level of Canaries following Anadara nodifera administration. Adult male Canaries (n = 27) were group into 3 with 9 repetition of each i.e T0 [control, was given by Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium (Na-CMC)], T1 (Zinc Sulphate 0.013 mg/30 g BW), and T2 (NAB 0.3 mg/30 g BW). The T2 treatment was NAB or shell powder of Anadara nodifera which was diluted 1:1 in Na-CMC. The birds were treated orally for 21 days. The complete blood cell count was performed in a haemo analyser except the erythrocyte was calculated manually in the Improved Neubauer counting chamber. Testosterone level was measured in ELISA. Subsequently gen CYP19 aromatase in syrinx, brain and testis were identified employing IHC and descriptively analysed. The result indicated significant elevated level of testosterone (p<0.05). The expression of CYP19 aromatase receptor was depressed in syrinx, brain and testis. However there was no significant changes on the blood profile (p>0.05). To conclude, Anadara nodifera at 0.3 mg/30 g BW was capable of acting as NAB to promote testosterone level. This was confirmed by the reduction of CYP19 aromatase gene receptors in syrinx, brain and testis. However NAB treatment was not significantly affecting routine blood profile.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potency of Anadara nodifera Shell as Natural Testosterone Booster for Male Canary (Seriunus canaria)

et al. 2021

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“…When we went to evaluate steroid hormone production, we found a higher estradiol and progesterone secretion in α-MEM than NCSU23, however, on the other hand in NCSU23 we found a high concentration of testosterone. It is important to remember the pathway for the hormone production during folliculogenesis, where androgens (testosterone) are converted to estrogens (estradiol) under P450 aromatase action (Valdez & Turzillo, 2005;Linardi, Damiani, & Longui, 2017). It can be suggested from the present results that a higher secretion of androgens observed in the presence of NCSU23 medium, was not followed by an increase in estrogen production, suggesting a lack of appropriate expression of P450 aromatase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Effect of base media, FSH and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) alone or in combination on the growth of pig preantral follicles in vitro

Rocha

Rubessa

Lima

et al. 2021

RSD

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To compare the efficiency of North Carolina State University medium 23 (NCSU23) and Alpha Minimum Essential Medium (α-MEM) as a base medium, and to evaluate the effects of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) alone or in combination with Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) on the in vitro development and steroid production of isolated porcine preantral follicles. Porcine secondary follicles were cultured in NCSU23 or α-MEM media for 4 days. Once α-MEM was determined to be the optimal culture medium, secondary follicles were cultured in α-MEM alone or supplemented with FSH (1.5 ng/mL), AMH (50 ng/mL) or the combination of the two hormones. Follicle development was evaluated by measuring follicular growth, morphology and hormone production. There was no difference between the media NCSU23 and α-MEM in terms of follicle survival and growth (P > 0.05). However, at day 2, the antrum formation rate tended to be (P < 0.074) higher in α-MEM than NCSU23. At day 4 of culture, the estradiol and progesterone secretion were higher in α-MEM than NCSU23 (P < 0.01), while the opposite was observed for testosterone (P < 0.01). The addition of AMH and/or FSH did not affect follicular survival and growth. Nevertheless, the secretion of estradiol and progesterone induced by FSH was reduced with AMH (P < 0.01). α-MEM is a more effective base medium than NCSU23 for the in vitro follicular development of pig preantral follicles and AMH reduces the steroid production induced by FSH.

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“…Anastrozole metabolites (triazole, hydroxyanastrozole, hydroxyanastrozole glucuronide, and anastrozole glucuronide) result from N-dealkylation, hydroxylation, and glucuronidation processes (Figure 2) 95, 96 . The main metabolite, triazole, is inactive 95 .…”

Section: Aromatase Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefit–risk profile of black cohosh (isopropanolic Cimicifuga racemosa extract) with and without St John’s wort in breast cancer patients

Ruan

Mueck

et al. 2019

Climacteric

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Endocrine therapy in breast cancer survivors can cause severe 'climacteric' symptoms, which may compromise therapy adherence. To determine whether such symptoms can be treated with herbal medication containing black cohosh in the form of isopropanolic Cimicifuga racemosa extract (iCR) alone or in fixed combination with St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum [HP]) (iCR þ HP), a systematic literature search was conducted. Results were viewed in relation to experimental data and metabolism of endocrine therapies. Most breast cancer survivors receiving endocrine therapy experienced reductions in climacteric symptoms under iCR/iCR þ HP. Tamoxifen's interference potential may be countered by using higher iCR doses or iCR þ HP. No estrogen-like effects at the breast or on hormones were seen. After breast cancer, even if receiving tamoxifen, patients using iCR/iCR þ HP had significantly increased recurrence-free survival rates compared to non-users. These results are substantiated by experimental data demonstrating antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects of iCR in breast cancer cells and enhancement of the antineoplastic effects of tamoxifen. There are no known clinical interactions for iCR and HP with endocrine therapies. The HP extract used in iCR þ HP did not exhibit any clinically relevant interaction potential. In conclusion, with its positive benefit-risk profile, iCR/iCR þ HP may offer a safe non-hormonal therapeutic option for breast cancer survivors receiving endocrine therapy.

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The use of aromatase inhibitors in boys with short stature: what to know before prescribing?

Cited by 15 publications

References 58 publications

The Potency of Anadara nodifera Shell as Natural Testosterone Booster for Male Canary (Seriunus canaria)

The Potency of Anadara nodifera Shell as Natural Testosterone Booster for Male Canary (Seriunus canaria)

Effect of base media, FSH and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) alone or in combination on the growth of pig preantral follicles in vitro

Benefit–risk profile of black cohosh (isopropanolic Cimicifuga racemosa extract) with and without St John’s wort in breast cancer patients

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